简介:Fe(OH)3precursorsolwaspreparedbyasol-gelmethod.Theprecursorsolwasdippedontotheabsorbentcotton,andgelwasformedontheabsorbentcottontemplateafterthevolatilizationofmoisture.Fe2O3microtubulesweresynthesizedaftertheprocessofself-propagationorcalcination.Thephase,morphology,andparticlediameterofthesampleswereexaminedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD)andscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),andthemagneticpropertiesofthesamplesweremeasuredusingavibratingsamplemagnetometer(VSM).TheexternaldiametersofFe2O3microtubulesrangedbetween8and13μm,andthewallthicknessesrangedbetween0.5and2μm.ThetypeofthecalcinationmethodplaysasignificantroleindevelopingtheFe2O3phaseandthevariationinthemagneticpropertiesinthesol-geltemplatecomplexingmethod.γ-Fe2O3wassynthesizedbyaself-propagationmethod.However,α-Fe2O3wassynthesizedaftercalcinationat400°Cfor2h.Thecoercivityofthesamplessynthesizedbycalcinationat400°Cfor2hafterself-propagationwasfoundtoincreasesignificantly,therebypresentinghardmagneticproperties.
简介:polyacrylonitrile(平底锅)上的electrodepositingFe-Cr2O3合成涂层的过程基于碳纤维,它的催化graphitization被学习。有或没有electrodepositedFe-Cr2O3合成涂层的碳纤维是在不同温度对待的热,结构的变化被XRD,拉曼光谱学和SEM描绘。结果显示那Fe-Cr2O3合成涂层在低温度在碳纤维的graphitization上展出重要催化效果。当Fe-Cr2O3-coated碳纤维是时,热对待在1300?慢敳?慣'R湯映扩牥映汥?獡琠敨瀠敲畣獲牯映汯潬敷?祢椠灭敲湧瑡潩?楷桴爠獥湩?潭摬湩?湡?敨瑡琭敲瑡敭瑮楴?楴吗??
简介:基于炉渣结构分子和离子共存理论,建立1273-1733K下的PbO-CaO-SiO2-FeO-Fe2O3渣系氧化铅活度热力学模型,计算PbO活度并绘制等活度曲线,考察炉渣碱度Q、氧化铁比率R和温度T对活度NPbO和活度系数γPbO的影响。结果表明,活度系数γPbO的模型计算值与文献测定值吻合程度高,说明该模型能较好地反映该渣系结构本质;NPbO呈拉乌尔正偏差,且随渣中PbO含量的升高而增大,但受温度的影响不明显;γPbO随Q的升高而增大;对于Q〉0.3的碱性渣,γPbO随R的升高而出现极大值。该研究结果可用于现代炼铅工艺的热力学研究和操作优化。
简介:有5-8nm的尺寸的做Eu的GaOOHnanoparticles被热水的方法作为表面活化剂用钠dodecylbenzenesulfonate(SDBS)准备。做Eu的-Ga2O3和-Ga2O3被退火进一步制作GaOOH:Eu然后由X光检查衍射(XRD)描绘了,传播电子显微镜学(TEM)和光致发光(PL)。TEM结果显示出那monodisperse做Eu3+的GaOOHnanoparticles形式然后变换进通过退火的做Eu3+的-Ga2O3和-Ga2O3GaOOH:在600和900点的Eunanoparticles?????????????????@
简介:采用固相法制备La2O3与Sb2O3掺杂的钛酸锶钡陶瓷,研究其介电性能及相变特性。通过X射线衍射法分析体系微观结构并利用扫描电镜观察其表面微观形貌。(La,Sb)共掺杂的钛酸锶钡陶瓷具有典型的钙钛矿结构,且随着Sb2O3掺杂量的增多其平均粒径显著减小。La3+离子以及Sb3+离子均占据钙钛矿晶格的A位。La2O3与Sb2O3添加量的改变显著影响钛酸锶钡基陶瓷的介电常数以及介电损耗。La2O3改性的钛酸锶钡陶瓷其四方-立方相变为二级相变,且居里温度随着La2O3掺杂量的增多向低温方向移动。(La,Sb)共掺杂的钛酸锶钡陶瓷则体现为弥散相变,随着Sb2O3含量的增大而偏离居里-外斯定律越显著。由于Sb3+离子对晶格原位离子的取代使得(La,Sb)共掺杂的钛酸锶钡陶瓷的介电常数最大值下的温度亦随着Sb2O3含量的增大而降低。
简介:ElectrocrystallizationMechanismofTungsteninMoltenKF-B_2O_3-K_2WO_4WenZhenhuanandLiGuoxun文振环,李国勋(GeneralResearchInstiiuteforNo...
简介:BasedonthetechniqueforpreparingLaCl3viadirectpyrolysisofrareearthchloridesolution,ajetpyrolysisreactorwasdesignedandtheintra-reactortemperatureandchemicalreactionswerenumericallysimulatedusingcomputationalfluiddynamics(CFD)technique.Theresultsshowthattheflowratevariationatthefuelinletdoesnotlargelyaffectthetemperatureinthereactor,whiletheincreaseinexternalpressureatthematerialinletrapidlydecreasestheaveragetemperature,Venturitemperature,andoutlettemperature.TheCH4andO2insidethereactorarecombustedcompletely,andwhenthematerialinletpressureis\90Pa,theLaCl3isfullypyrogenated.ThecontentsofCO2,La2O3,andHClfluctuateneartheVenturitubeandfinallystabilize.La2O3contentattheoutletisinatop-to-bottomgradient.
简介:Thecorrosionbehaviorandanti-corrosionmechanismoftheZn-Ni-Al2O3compositecoatingwereinvestigatedbySEM,EDSandXPS.TheresultsindicatethatthecorrosiontypeoftheZn-Ni-Al2O3coatingsinneutral5wt.%NaClsolutionisuniformcorrosion.ThepresenceofcompactanduniformlydispersednanoaluminaparticlessubstantiallyinhibitsthecorrosionofZn-Ni-Al2O3compositecoatings.Intheinitialcorrosionstage,thecorrosiveproductsofZn-NimatrixformacompactZnCl2·4Zn(OH)2layer.Withthedevelopmentofcorrosion,somenanoaluminaparticlesareembeddedandformaNienrichmentlayer.InNienrichmentlayer,NipresentsasNiandNiO.
简介:ScanningElectronMicroscopyStudiesofYBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)SuperconductorsShaWei(沙维)(DepartmentofCivilEngineering,TheQueen′sUniversit...
简介:TheeffectofyttriaonthesolidreactionmechanismofaCaHPO4·2H2O+CaCO3systematdifferenttemperatureswasexperimentallystud-ied.Thesampleswithandwithoutyttriaweresubjectedtothermogravimetric/differentialscanningcalorimetrymeasurement.ThesampleswereheattreatedatthetemperaturescorrespondingtothepeaksontheDSCspectra,andtheresultedphasecompositionswereidentifiedbyX-raydiffraction.Thetransformationmechanismwasdeducedbycomparingthephasesobtainedatdifferenttemperatures.Theresultsshowthatthetransformationsatbelow1073Karenotaffectedbyyttria,butallthoseatabove1073Karecompletelyaltered.Theformationtem-peratureofhydroxyapatitedecreasesby134K,andthedecompositiontemperatureincreasesby38K.ThepolymorphoustransformationofCa3(PO4)2fromβphasetoαphaseincreasesby47K.Thethermodynamicpropertiesofthetransformationsatabove1073Karealsomodi-fiedbytheadditionofyttria;thatis,theendothermalpeaksaresubstitutedbyexothermalpeaks.
简介:采用丝印法在铝基板上制备具有低室温电阻率、适中热敏常数的负温度系数BaCo0.02ⅡCo0.04ⅢBi0.94O3/Ba0.5Bi0.5Fe0.9Sn0.1O3复合热敏厚膜。采用数字多用表、吉时利2400和阻抗分析仪对热敏厚膜的电学性能进行表征。结果表明:随着Ba0.5Bi0.5Fe0.9Sn0.1O3含量从0.05增加至0.25,厚膜的室温电阻率、热敏常数和峰值电压均有所增加且分别处于1.47-26.5Ω·cm、678-1345K和18.9-47.0V范围内,厚膜峰值电压对应的电流也有所降低且处于40-240mA范围。阻抗谱测试表明,这些热敏厚膜表现出非正常的异质电学微结构行为,由高阻态的晶粒和较低电阻态的晶界区域构成。由此可知,在BaCo0.02ⅡCo0.04ⅢBi0.94O3中添加Ba0.5Bi0.5Fe0.9Sn0.1O3改善了热敏行为但也恶化了电流特征.
简介:HotcompressionbehaviorofTiC–Al2O3/AlcompositeswasstudiedusingtheGleeble-1500systematatemperaturerangeof300–550°Candatstrainraterangeof0.01–10.00s-1.TheassociatedstructuralchangeswerestudiedbyTEMobservations.Theresultsshowthatstressleveldecreaseswithdeformationtemperatureincreasingandstrainratedecreasing,whichcanberepresentedbyaZener–Hollomonparameterinanexponent-typeequationwithhotdeformationactivationenergyQof172.56kJ·mol-1.Dynamicrecoveryoccurseasilywhenstrainratesarelessthan10.00s-1.Dynamicrecrystallizationcanoccuratstrainrateof10.00s-1.
简介:LayeredcathodematerialLiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2wassynthesizedbyPechiniprocess,andinvestigatedusingX-raydiffraction(XRD),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)andgalvanostaticcharge/dischargecycling.Thesampleiswell-crystallizedandhasaphase-purea-NaFeO2structure.Theparticlesizesareuniform,anddistributedintherangeof20-200nm.TheinitialdischargecapacityoftheLi/LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2cellwasabout149mAh·g-1whenitwascycledatavoltagerangeof4.5-2.3Vwithaspecificcurrentof0.25mA.Theresultisbetterincomparisonwithsolid-statesolutionmethod.Thesyntheticprocedurewasdiscussed.Threemajorreactions:chelation,esterification,andpolymerizationsuccessivelyoccurred.
简介:利用高频辅助激光熔覆技术在镍基合金上制备Al2O3-13%TiO2(质量分数)陶瓷涂层。采用SEM、XRD和EDS等方法分析陶瓷涂层的微观结构和陶瓷层与粘结层之间的结合界面。结果表明:陶瓷层出现了完全熔化区和液相烧结区双层结构,其中,完全熔化区颗粒充分烧结长大,而液相烧结区则出现了三维网状结构,该三维网状结构由熔化的TiO2相包裹Al2O3颗粒形成。通过激光熔覆作用下的粉末熔化和扁平化行为解释双层结构形成机理。同时,在陶瓷层与粘结层的结合界面上发现具有尖晶石结构的NiAl2O4和针状结构的Cr2O3,证明在激光熔覆过程中发生的化学反应可以有效增加陶瓷层与粘结层的结合强度。
简介:ExtractingB2O3fromcalcinedboronmud(CBM)wasstudied.TheeffectoffactorssuchasreactiontemperatureandNaOH-to-CBMmassratioonB2O3extractionefficiencywasinvestigated.TheresultsshowthatincreasingreactiontemperatureandNaOH-to-CBMmassratioincreasesB2O3extractionefficiency.TherearetwostagesfortheB2O3extractingprocess:0–20ministhefirststage,whichisrapid;20–50ministhesecondstage,whichisslowerthanthefirststage.Theoverallextractingprocessfollowstheshrinkingcoremodel,andthefirstandsecondstagesaredeterminedtoobeythesurfacechemicalreactionmodelandthediffusionthroughtheproductslayermodel,respectively.Theactivationenergiesofthefirstandsecondstagesarecalculatedtobe41.74and15.43kJ·mol-1,respectively.TheB2O3extractingkineticsequationsofthefirstandsecondstagesarealsoobtained.
简介:ThermodynamicmodelsofcalculatingmassactionconcentrationsforstructuralunitsorioncouplesinRbCl-H2ObinaryandRbCl-RbNO3-H2Oternarystrongelectrolyteaqueoussolutionsweredevelopedbasedontheionandmoleculecoexistencetheoryat298.15K.Atransformationcoefficientisneededtocomparethecalculatedmassactionconcentrationandthereportedactivitybecausetheyareobtainedatdifferentstandardstatesandconcentrationunits.TheresultsshowthatthetransformationcoefficientsbetweenthecalculatedmassactionconcentrationsandthereportedactivitiesofthesamestructuralunitsorioncouplesinRbCl-H2ObinaryandRbCl-RbNO3-H2Oternarystrongelectrolyteaqueoussolutionschangeinaverynarrowrange.ThetransformedmassactionconcentrationsofstructuralunitsorioncouplesinRbCl-H2Obinarysystemareingoodagreementwiththereportedactivities.ThetransformedmassactionconcentrationsofRbClandRbNO3inRbCl-RbNO3-H2Oternarysolutionarealsoingoodagreementwiththereportedactivities,aRbCland3RbNOa,withdifferenttotalionicstrengthsas0.01,0.05,0.1,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,3.0and3.5mol/kg,respectively.AllthoseresultsmeanthedevelopedthermodynamicmodelofstrongelectrolyteaqueoussolutionscanreflectstructuralcharacteristicsofRbCl-H2ObinaryandRbCl-RbNO3-H2Oternarystrongelectrolyteaqueoussolutionsandthemassactionconcentrationalsostrictlyfollowsthemassactionlaw.
简介:采用化学平衡模拟软件GEMS预测了锌湿法冶金过程中涉及的锌在Zn(Ⅱ)-NH3-H2O和Zn(Ⅱ)-NH3-Cl--H2O体系中的溶解度,并构建了其含锌物种分布图和优势区图。采用平衡实验方法测定了相同条件下锌的溶解度,其结果与预测结果相吻合。含锌物种的分布图和优势区图表明,在弱碱性条件下,2个体系均为以锌氨和羟基锌氨配合物为溶液的主要物种,其中Zn(NH3)24-为主要优势物种;在Zn(Ⅱ)-NH3-Cl--H2O体系中,锌氨氯三元配合物的形成能有效增大锌在中性条件下的溶解度,在该体系中存在Zn(OH)2、Zn(OH)1.6Cl0.4和Zn(NH3)2Cl23种固相,固相产物的形成取决于体系中总锌、总氨和总氯浓度。这些热力学平衡图表明了体系中各种物种之间的相互影响作用,并预测了总氨和总氯浓度的变化对锌溶解度的影响,为锌湿法冶金提供了热力学数据。