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简介：TheteachingofEnglishforSpecificPurposeshasbeeninexistenceforover30years,andhasbeenprominenceformorethan20years,andisstillintheascendant.ESPteachingaccountsforaconsider-ableproportionoftheteachingofEnglishasaforeignlanguageinChina.ItisthereforenecessaryforusChineseteacherstoknowmoreaboutESP.

简介：Testwashbackhasattractedagooddealofattentionfromresearchersfrommanycountriesintheworldandconsiderableresultshavebeenfound.Bystudyingformerresearches,thispaperreviewsthedefinitionofwashback,relevantconcept,theories,andthemechanismofwashbacksystematically.Itishopedthatthispapercanenrichanddeepenthedevelopmentoflanguagetestingtheories.

简介：WhilenegativetransferofthenativelinguisticknowledgeinSLAiscloselystudied,otheraspectsofthelearner’snativeknowledgehavebeenignored.Thefollowingisaninvestigationandstudyinthisrespect,revealingthatnegativetransfernoton-lyhappensintheaspectofthelearner’snativelinguisticknowl-edgesuchasthatofthenativegrammaticalrulesandlexicalcon-ception,butalsohappensinaspectsofculturalconventionsandthinkingpatterns.Itisalsofoundthatnegativetransferoflin-guisticknowledgedecreaseswiththelearner’sprogressinstudywhiletheothertwoaspectshavenoobviousdecrease.WithLevel3asacontrolgroup,thispaperconfirmedtheeffectivenessandnecessityinofferingclassesdealingwiththeothertwoaspectsofnegativetransfer.

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