简介:Theconceptofsecurityhasbeenredefinedsincethe1990s.Asoneoftheimportantfactorsthreateninghumansecurity,globalenvironmentalchangehasbecomeanewchallengetothenationalsecurityandsocialdevelopment.Thenationalsecurityproblemscausedbyglobalenvironmentalchange,ononehand,arecloselyrelatedtotheglobalenvironmentalproblems,and,ontheotherhand,aremanifestedintheconflictsofinternationalaffairs.TheglobalenvironmentalchangeseverelychallengesthefuturedevelopmentofChina.WhenitcomestothestudyonhumandimensionsofglobalenvironmentalchangeinChina,muchmoreattentionshouldbepaidtoissuesofimportantenvironmentalchangethatmayhavegreatimpactsonthenationalsecurityofChina,tothescientificassessmentofthevulnerabilitiesofthenaturalandsocialeconomicsystemofChinatotheimpactsofglobalenvironmentalchange,andtotheactiveestablishmentofthenationalriskmanagementsystem,inwhichglobalenvironmentalchangeshouldbeincluded,soastomakecontributiontosustainabledevelopmentandconstructionofharmonioussocietyofChina.
简介:Basedonthestakeholdersmanagementtheory,thispaperprovidesanewstrategicmanagementmethodfortheNationalSustainableDevelopmentStrategy.BytakingChina'sNationalSustainableDevelopmentStrategyManagementasanexample,thispaperidentifiesallthestakeholdersinvolvedandthenassessesstakeholdersfromtwodimensions,namely'Importance'and'Attitude',bywhichallofthestakeholdersaredividedintosixcategories.Onthisbasis,furtheranalysisismadetoworkoutstrategicmanagementprogrammebyschedulingthestrategicemphases,stepsandmanagementcountermeasuresfordifferenttypesofstakeholderssoastoprovidetheorticalevidenceforthepracticeofNationalSustainableDevelopnentStrategymanagement.
简介:Thispaperpresentsresultsoftheassessmentonbenefitsharingandpaymentmechanismstestedbysixnon-governmentalorganizations(NGOs)-pilotedReducingEmissionsfromDeforestationandForestDegradation(REDD+)initiativesinTanzania.ResultsfromtheassessmentindicatethatmodelsappliedbymostoftheREDD+pilotprojectshaveprovidedmostofdecisionsforthedistributionofbenefitstothecommunitiesthroughvillagegeneralassemblies.Basedonrequirementsofthetestedmodels,nationalbenefit-sharingmechanismmodelsareproposed.Majorattributestobeconsideredinthedevelopmentofnationalbenefit-sharingmodelsshouldinclude:(i)ensuringthattheexistinggovernmentstructureisnotexcludedtoensuresustainability;(ii)villagegeneralassemblyisinvolvedindeterminingthedistributionofthebenefitsaccrued;and(iii)transparencyinhandlingthecarbonfinanceisensured.ModelsthatareproposedforthenationalREDD+benefitsharingapplytotwoforestmanagementsystems,namelyJointForestManagement(JFM)andCommunityBasedForestManagement(CBFM).ThepaperrecommendstestingofthetwoproposedmodelstodeterminewhethertheycouldbeusefulinsharingbenefitsresultingfromREDD+inTanzania.
简介:Effectsonsustainabledevelopmentofclimatechangehavebeengoingfurthernowadays.NationalFiveYearDevelopmentPlaninChinashouldhavespecificpoliciesonhowtotakeclimatechangeimpactsintoaccountthroughtheenvironmentalplanning.Keyfieldsdistributeinthreelevelsofnaturalbearingcapacity,productionsystemandhumansettlements,andincludesevenaspects:ecosystems,waterresources,disastersandrisks,low-carboneconomy,vulnerabledepartments,urbanization,andcoastland.