简介：ThetransgenicriceKMD1,expressingasyntheticCry1AbgenefromBacillusthuringiensis,showedeffectiveresistancetoSignificantdeclineswererevealedinfoodconsumptionandgrowthoftheolderRLFnymphsfedonthecut-leavesoftransgenicKMD1plants.TheincreaserateoffoodconsumptionbylarvaefedonKMD1wasdrasticallylowerthanthoseonXiushui11.FoodconsumptionwasvariedwithdifferentinstarswhenthelarvaefedontheBtrice.Thoseoffourth-andfifth-instarlarvaeweredifferentcomparedtothethird-instar,lowerthanthoseonthenon-transgenicricebutstillincreasedalittlewhenthefeedingtimeprolonged.ItisindicatedthatyoungerRLFlarvaearemoresensitivetoBtricethanolderones.Also,about81%,78%and68%ofthethird-,fourth-andfifth-instarRLFlarvaediedwithin72hoursbioassayperiodonKMD1leaves,respectively.TheseresultsdemonstratedthatBt-transgeneinKMD1riceconferssubstantialprotectionagainstinfestationswitholderRLFlarvae.

简介：Smallubiquitin-likemodifier(SUMO)-conjugatingenzymesareinvolvedinpost-translationalregulatoryprocessesineukaryotes,includingtheconjugationofSUMOpeptidestoproteinsubstrate(SUMOylation).SUMOylationplaysanimportantroleinimprovingplanttolerancetoabioticstresssuchassalt,drought,heatandcold.Herein,wereportedtheisolationofOsSCE1(LOC_Os10g39120)geneencodingaSUMO-conjugatingenzymefromrice(Oryzasativacv.Nipponbare)anditsfunctionalvalidationinresponsetodroughtstress.TheE2enzyme,OsSCE1,isoneofthreekeyenzymesinvolvedintheconjugationofSUMOtoitstargetproteins.ActivatedSUMOistransferredtothecysteineofanE2enzymeandthentothetargetlysineresidueofthesubstrate,withorwithoutthehelpofanE3SUMOligase.ExpressionofOsSCE1wasstronglyinducedbypolyethyleneglycol6000(PEG6000)treatment,whichsuggestedOsSCE1maybeinvolvedinthedroughtstressresponse.OverexpressionofOsSCE1(OsSCE1-OX)inNipponbarereducedthetolerancetodroughtstress.Conversely,thedroughttolerancewasslightlyimprovedbytheknockdownofOsSCE1(OsSCE1-KD).TheseresultswerefurthersupportedbymeasurementofprolinecontentinOsSCE1-OXandOsSCE1-KDtransgeniclinesunderinduceddroughtstress,whichshowedOsSCE1-KDtransgeniclinesaccumulatedhigherprolinecontentthanthewildtype,whereasOsSCE1-OXlinehadlowerprolinecontentthanthewildtype.ThesefindingssuggestedOsSCE1mayplayaroleasanegativeregulatorinresponsetodroughtstressinrice.

简介：Twonewlybredhybridricecombinations,superhigh-yieldingLiangyoupeijiu(Pei'ai64S×9311)andPei'ai64S/E32(Pei'ai64S×E32)wereusedtoinvestigatethephotosyntheticcharacteristicsunderhightemperatureincomparisonwithhybridriceShangyou63.Hightemperaturecausedadecreasedphotosyntheticefficiencyandaggravatedphotoinhibition.TheoptimumtemperatureforphotosyntheticelectrontransportationandphotosyntheticCO2fixationwereabout28℃and35-40℃respectively.Linearelectrontransportationismoresensitivetohightemperaturethanthephotochemicalprocess.Themechanismofhightemperatureadaptationwaspossiblyasfollows:superhigh-yieldingricehasquicklyincreasingcarotenoid,whichactedasamorefavorableantioxidantsystemtoreducetheactiveoxygenproductionandavoiddamagetothephotosynthesissystem;superhigh-yieldingricehasahigherefficiencyofxanthophyllscycletodissipateexcessheatenergy;superhigh-yieldingricehasamorestablephotosyntheticfunction,higherphotosyntheticefficiencyandmoreheatstableproteincontent.

简介：Riceblack-streakeddwarfvirus(RBSDV)isarecognizedmemberofthegenusFijivirus,familyReoviridae.Itsgenomehastendouble-strandedRNA(dsRNA)segments(S1-S10),inwhichthefifthgenomesegment(S5)containstwoopenreadingframes(ORFs)withapartiallyoverlappingregion.ThesecondORFofRBSDVS5encodesaviralnonstructuralproteinnamedp5bwithunknownfunction.Torevealthefunctionofp5b,itsgenewasligatedintothebaitplasmidpGBKT7andanexpressionlibrarycontainingricecDNAswasconstructedusingplasmidpGADT7foryeasttwo-hybridassay.Thebaitproteinp5bwasdetectedinyeastbywesternblot,andtheresultofanauto-activationtestshowedthatp5bcouldnotautonomouslyactivatetheexpressionofreportergenesinyeast.Thenthebaitproteinp5bwasusedforscreeningthecDNAexpressionlibrariesofrice.Genefragmentsofsomepivotalenzymesinvolvedinphotosynthesis,respirationandotherimportantmetabolicprocesses,wereidentifiedtointeractwithp5binyeast,suggestingthattheseinteractionsmayplayrolesinsymptomdevelopmentininfectedplants.

简介：在米饭的Phytochromes被由三个成员，PHYA，PHYB，和PHYC组成的一个基因家庭编码。通过以photomorphogenesis描绘phytochrome异种和野类型(WT)，单个phytochromes的角色preliminarily在调整米饭de青白化，flowering时间和富饶被探索了。然而，很少信息都没关于是否或怎么被报导phytochromes在米饭影响叶绿素生合成和叶绿体开发。在这研究，我们比较了野类型和phyA的叶绿素内容，在任何一个白人光(WL)下面成年或红的phyB和phyAphyB异种点亮(R)。结果建议phyB察觉R断然调整叶绿素生合成，当phyA的角色能仅仅在phyB缺乏的异种被检测时。涉及叶绿素生合成的基因的表示层次的分析表明phytochromes由调整protochlorophylloxidoreductaseA(PORA)影响了叶绿素生合成表示。在叶绿体开发的phyB的角色也被分析，并且结果建议phyB察觉R由影响叶绿体和grana的数字调整叶绿体开发，以及叶绿体膜系统。

简介：SulfatecanbeactivatedbyATPsulfurylaseandadenosine5’-phosphosulfatekinase(APSK)invivo.RecentstudiessuggestedthatAPSKinArabidopsisthalianaregulatedthepartitionbetweenAPSreductionandphosphorylationanditsactivitycanbemodulatedbycellularredoxstatus.InordertostudyregulationofAPSKinrice(OsAPSK),OsAPSK1genewasclonedanditsactivitywasanalyzed.OsAPSK1C36andC69werefoundtobetheconservedcounterpartsofC86andC119,whichinvolvedindisulfideformationinAtAPSK.C36A/C69AOsAPSK1doublemutationwasmadebysitedirectedmutagenesis.OsAPSK1anditsmutantwereprokaryoticallyover-expressedandpurified,andthenassayedforAPSphosphorylationactivity.OsAPSK1activitywasdepressedbyoxidizedglutathione,whiletheactivityofitsmutantwasnot.Furtherstudiesinthecasethatoxidativestresswillfluctuateinvivo3’-phosphoadenosine-5’-phosphosulfatecontent,andallAPSKisoenzymeshavesimilarregulationpatternsarenecessarytobeperformed.

简介：为了推进，改进高地大米变化Huhan3和Huhan7，种子样品为约1和5d与二艘可重获的飞船被送到外层空间并且分别地为7和5代被宣传。Phenotypic分析表明词法特点和蛋白质和谷物的直链淀粉内容变化了。由联系基因的简单顺序重复(SSR)和插入删除(InDel)的genomic变化的描述标记显示变化模式是很复杂的。大多数变化在简单顺序重复碎片发生在碎片的3结束或5结束。反向的抄写聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)试金证明在SSR的那些部分的变化影响了他们的基因表示，显示那基因联系了标记将有用孤立功能的基因。为繁殖的地调查也表明有高产量，高质量和干旱忍耐的更多的线能通过太空繁殖被选择。结果显示太空mutagenesis为米饭繁殖导致了分子的变化，以及生理、词法的变化。

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简介：Themajormatesterilegenesinanewphoto/thermo-sensitivegenicmalesterile(PTGMS)lineB06Sofricewereanalyzedbythemanipulationofmixturedistributiontheory.TheresultsindicatedthatapairofmajormalesterilenucleargeneswithlargeeffectswereresponsibleforcontrollingthemalesterilityofB06S.

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简介：Themajorstoragesubstanceinriceendospermisstarch,whichaccountsfor80%ofdrymatterweight.Inthisstudy,ricemutantflo7,selectedfromtheprogenyofNipponbare’stissueculture,displayedflouryandopaqueendosperm.Comparedwithitscorrespondingwildtype(WT)Nipponbare,themutantflo7producedlonger,narrower,thinnerandlightergrains.Thelevelsofglucose,fructoseandsucroseinthemutantflo7endospermwerehigherthanthoseintheWTendosperm,whereastheproteincontentwasnotaffected.Withrespecttobothamylosecontentandgelconsistency,themutantflo7waslowerthanWT,butitsalkalivaluewashigher.Scanningelectronmicroscopicexaminationsshowedthattheendospermofthemutantflo7containedirregular,looselypackedandcompoundstarchgranules.Geneticanalysisindicatedthatthemutantphenotypewasdeterminedbyasinglerecessivenucleargene.Theflo7locuswasmappedtoaregiononthelongarmofchromosome12,withina95.1kbintervaldefinedbythemarkersC2-11andC5-15.Thereare13openreadingframesinthemappinginterval.Transcriptionprofilingofthedevelopinggrainsshowedthatanumberofgenesinvolvedinstarchsynthesiswereaffecteddifferentlyinthemutantflo7.

简介：Precisebaseeditingishighlydesiredinplantfunctionalgenomicresearchandcropmolecularbreeding.Inthisstudy,weconstructedarice-codonoptimizedadeninebaseeditor(ABE)-nCas9toolthatinducedtargetedA·TtoG·Cpointmutationofakeysinglenucleotidepolymorphismsiteinanimportantagriculturalgene.Combinedwiththemodifiedsingle-guideRNAvariant,ourplantABEtoolcanefficientlyachieveadeninebaseeditinginthericegenome.

简介：到怀有基因Pi-d2从pCB6.3kb，pCB5.3kb和pZH01-2.72kb的三不同表示向量转变了的米饭强风抵抗的转基因的米饭线的米饭强风的抵抗被分析。有Pi-d2基因的九根先进产生的转基因的米饭线显示了各种各样的抵抗到39米饭强风紧张，并且最高疾病抵抗的频率到达了91.7%。有Pi-d2基因的四根早产生的同型结合的转基因的线展出了抵抗到58米饭强风紧张中的超过81.5%个，显示出宽光谱的抵抗的特征。当在文化媒介的粗略的毒素的集中增加了，米饭强风真菌的粗略的毒素选择的转基因的胚胎的calli证明从转基因的米饭植物的不成熟的胚胎的胼胝正式就职率减少了。当粗略的毒素的集中到达了40%时，从转基因的线的不成熟的胚胎的胼胝正式就职率是49.3%，并且受体控制的是5%。在正式就职下面的地里的转基因的大米线的颈强风的疾病发生是0%～50%，显示转基因的大米线的大米强风抵抗比受体控制的高得多。

简介：Homeoboxtranscriptionfactorsparticipateinthegrowthanddevelopmentofplantsbyregulatingcelldifferentiation,morphogenesisandenvironmentalsignalresponse.Torevealthefunctionsofthesetranscriptionfactorsinrice,weconstructedtheRNAivectorsofOsHox9,amemberofhomeoboxfamily,andanalyzedthefunctionofOsHox9usingreversegenetics.TheplantheightandtilleringnumberofRNAitransgenicplantsdecreasedcomparedwiththoseofwild-typeplants.Reversetranscription-polymerasechainreactionanalysisshowedthatOsHox9expressionreducedinthetransgenicplantswithphenotypicvariance,whereasthatinthetransgenicplantswithoutphenotypicvariancewassimilartothatinthewild-typeplants.ThisresultsuggeststhatthephenotypesofthetransgenicplantswerecausedbyRNAieffects.Thetissue-specificityofOsHox9expressionindicatedthatitwasexpressedindifferentorgans,withhighexpressioninstemapicalmeristemandyoungpanicles.SubcellularlocationofOsHox9demonstratedthatitwaslocalizedonthecellmembrane.

简介：Aspontaneousmutation,tentativelynamedd63,wasderivedfromthetwin-seedlingprogeniesofricecrossedbydiploidSARIIIandMinghui63.Comparedwithwild-typeplants,thed63mutantshowedmultipleabnormalphenotypes,suchasdwarfism,moretillers,smallerflagleafandreducedseed-settingrateand1000-grainweight.Inthisstudy,twoF2populationsweredevelopedbycrossingbetweend63andNipponbare,d63and93-11.Geneticanalysisindicatedthatd63wascontrolledbyasinglerecessivegene,whichwaslocatedontheshortarmofchromosome8,withinthegeneticdistanceof0.40cMfromRM22195.Hence,D63mightbeanewgeneastherearenodwarfgenesreportedontheshortarmofchromosome8.

简介：EliminationoftheCRISPR/Cas9constructsineditedplantsisaprerequisiteforassessinggeneticstability,conductingphenotypiccharacterization,andapplyingforcommercializationoftheplants.However,removaloftheCRISPR/Cas9transgenesbygeneticsegregationandbybackcrossislaboriousandtimeconsuming.WepreviouslyreportedthedevelopmentofthetransgenekillerCRISPR(TKC)technologythatusesapairofsuicidegenestotriggerself-eliminationofthetransgeneswithoutcompromisinggeneeditingefficiency.TheTKCtechnologyenablesisolationoftransgene-freeCRISPR-editedplantswithinasinglegeneration,greatlyacceleratingcropimprovements.Here,wepresentedtwonewTKCvectorsthatshowgreatefficiencyinbotheditingthetargetgeneandinundergoingself-eliminationofthetransgenes.ThenewvectorsreplacedtheCaMV35SpromoterusedinourpreviousTKCvectorwithtworicepromoterstodriveoneofthesuicidegenes,providingadvantagesoverourpreviousTKCvectorundercertainconditions.Thevectorsreportedhereofferedmoreoptionsandflexibilitytoconductgeneeditingexperimentsinrice.

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