简介:Thispaperderivesthephysicalmeaningsofpeakposition,peakwidthandheightofanX-raydiffractionpeakfromtheanalysesoftheBragg'sequation,theScherrer'sformulaandtheprincipleofpeakintensitycalculation.Thegeometriccharacteristicsofanasymmetricpeakareclarifiedbymeansofexperiment.Therelationshipsbetweenneakshapeanddomainsize/latticestrainhavebeenverifiedbygeologicalevents.Thereforethispaperintegratesthephysicalmeaningsofall5basicparametersforanX-raydiffractionpeak.Applicationsofthese5parame-tersareexemplified.
简介:Theresultsof118REEanalysesofLi-FgranitesfromSouthChinaandothercountriesindicatethattherearethreevariationtypesofREEpatterncurveswithdifferentevolutiontrendsfromearlytolatestagesofLi-FgranitecomplexoffromlowertoupperpetrofaciesoftheLi-Fgranitebody;(1)thedecreasing,(2)theincreasing,and(3)thesaltatoryvariationtypes.Thefirstvariationtypeiscalledthepositiveevolutiontype,attributedtocrystallizationdifferentiation.Thesecondiscalledthereversionevolutiontype.whichrepresentsliquidsegreationdominatedbyvapor-liquiddistillation.Thethirdiscalledthesaltatoryvariationtype,whichisformedfromliquidsegregationdominatedbyimmiscibilty,Therefore,theindicaticesofliquidsegregationdominatedbyimmiscibilityarethesaltatoryvariationtypeofREEpatternevolutionandtheseparationofthemainevolutiontrendlineseitherfromthesub-evolutiontrendlinesorfromthecompositionpointsofLi-FgranitesinthediagramsofREE-(La-Yb)NandLa/Sm-La,Theindicatricesofliquidsegregationdominatedbyvapor-liquidfractionaldistillationarethereverstionevolutiontypeofREEpatterncurvesandthemainevolutiontrendlinesofLi-Fgranitesdirectingtotheupperright-handontheREE-La/Yb)NandLa/Sm-Ladiagrams.
简介:凌源-宁城盆地是松辽盆地外围南部众多具良好油气勘探前景的小盆地之一,为研究其中的油气资源情况,在牛营子地区部署和实施了油气地质调查井——牛D1井。该钻井揭示侏罗系海房沟组可能为研究区重要的烃源岩发育层系之一。系统采集了海房沟组岩心,对其进行了岩石热解、镜质体反射率、气相色谱-质谱等分析及有机地球化学研究。结果表明,海房沟组浅部多为好-很好烃源岩,而深部多为差烃源岩和非烃源岩,有机质类型均主要为Ⅱ_2和Ⅲ型;浅部烃源岩的三环萜烷、升藿烷和甾烷系列丰度较高,规则甾烷呈不对称"V字型";而深部烃源岩的三环萜烷、升藿烷和甾烷系列丰度较低,规则甾烷多呈"反L型"。综合认为海房沟组浅部具有相对较强的生烃潜力,但牛D1井海房沟组烃源岩的成熟度较低,建议今后加强对海房沟组烃源岩展布和成熟度平面分布特征的研究。
简介:为了阐明CH4与CO2在高岭石中的竞争吸附机理,采用蒙特卡洛方法构建了高岭石超胞模型,模拟计算了高岭石吸附CH4与CO2在不同温度及压力条件下的变化规律,分析了不同孔径对高岭石吸附CO2和CH4的影响。结果表明,不同温度下高岭石对CH4与CO2分子的吸附量均符合Langmuir模型,在相同压力条件下,高岭石对CO2分子的吸附量远远大于对CH4分子的吸附量;293.15K时,高岭石对CO2的吸附具有明显的竞争优势,CH4在CO2分子的影响下不再符合Langmuir曲线,说明高岭石与CO2分子的相互作用强于与CH4之间的相互作用;随着孔径的增大,高岭石对CH4与CO2的吸附量均减小,表明CH4和CO2主要吸附在微孔中;高岭石吸附CH4与CO2分子后体系的总能量和非成键能发生了变化,说明高岭石与CO2的相互作用能要强于高岭石与CH4的相互作用能,高岭石对CH4的吸附为典型的物理吸附,而对CO2的吸附以物理吸附为主,且伴随着微弱的氢键作用。研究结果为阐明CO2和CH4在黏土矿物的赋存机理以及CO2驱替CH4的研究提供了一定的理论依据。
简介:Li-Fgranitesallovertheworldcanberepresentedbythreeendmembers,i.e.,theNa-richongonite(O),theK-richxianghualingite(X)andtheSi-richtopazite(T),Charactersandcriteriaarepresentedfortheseend-mnemberrocks,VerticalzoninginLi-Fgranites,asreflectedbyincreasingnormativeQandC(corundum)anddecreasingALK(K2O+Na2O)withincreasingcontentoffluorine,canbeexplainedusingthethree-end-memberschemeintermsofpetrochemistryandnorms.Consideringthedifferenceinmeltstructure,visocosityanddensitybetweentheendmembers,incouplewiththeregulartiesthatgoverntheNa-KandSiALKsegregationknownfromfieldevidenceandexperiments,itissuggestedthatthethreeendmembersmayhaveresultedfromliquidsegregation(immiscibility)ratherthanfromcrystalfractionationascommonlybelieved.
简介:原始定义的埃达克岩是钠质火成岩,其全岩化学成分相当于英云闪长岩、奥长花岗岩和(富斜长石的)花岗闪长岩(TTG);而富钾的"C型埃达克岩"全岩化学成分相当于(狭义)花岗岩、石英二长岩和(富碱性长石的)花岗闪长岩。现有的失水部分熔融实验岩石学表明,中等富钾程度的贫硅(高Mg#值)玄武质源岩的低比例部分熔融条件下可以形成酸性"C型埃达克岩";玄武质源岩部分熔融不会形成那些SiO2含量中等而又不具备高度富碱特征的"C型埃达克岩"。高Sr低Y特征并非判别"C型埃达克岩"高压(p≥1.5GPa)熔融成因的决定性标志,仅仅基于高Sr低Y特征而认为"C型埃达克岩"形成于高压熔融的成岩机制是值得商榷的。
简介:Shallowfreshwaterbodiesinpeatareascouldbeanimportantcontributortogreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.Inthisstudy,thepartialpressureofCO2inthesurfacewateroftheDianshanLakewasinvestigatedinsituinAugust2011.TheaveragepCO2inthestudyareawas2300μatmandfluctuatedwithintherangeof989–5000μatm.pCO2showedareversetrendtothevariationsofpHandDOinthesurfacewateroftheDianshanLake.ThewatertoairdiffusionfluxofCO2oftheupstream,middlelakeanddownstreamwererespectively63,33and14mmol/m2/d.Onaverage,thediffusionfluxofCO2ofthewholelakewas31mmol/m2/d.Consequently,ourresultsshowthatduringthesamplingseason,theDianshanLakeappearstobeagreatsourceofCO2.ItisalsodemonstratedthatrespirationcouldbethedominantbiochemicalreactionintheDianshanLakeinsummer.
简介:Relationshipbetweentheδ13CoftreeringcellulosefromPinusKoraiensisandclimateparameterswasinvestigated.Asignificantlynegativecorrelationbetweenδ13Candmeanlow-cloudamountfromMaytoJulywasdiscovered,whichcontributestoreconstructingthemeanlow-cloudamountfromMaytoJulyatAntuinrecent200years.Periodicalsofquasi-8-year,quasi-4-yearandquasi-2-yearweredetectedbothinδ13Cseriesandinthereconstructedlowcloudamountserieswith95%confidencelevel.Quasi-8-yearperiodmayreflecttheintegratedinfluenceofsolaractivity,monsoonactivityandlocalregionalfactors.Quasi-4-yearandquasi-2-yearperiodsindicatetheinfluencesofENSOandQuasiBiennialOscillation(QBO)ofEastAsianmonsoon,respectively.
简介:基于确定的数学模型和图形的解释,一个新方法,被用来在一由紫外线光谱技术生产混合很好计算单个地区的生产的贡献,被建立了。标准板用作为X轴作为Y轴和波长人工地提出的样品油的消光系数E被拉。从样品油的紫外分析导致混合的井的曲线被插入到标准板并且比较。在生产混合很好的每个单个地区的比例与接近人工地提出的样品油的曲线的曲线的比例是相同的。在井QHD32-6-3地里,例如并且用这个方法拿A22很好,一个单个地区的生产贡献被计算。Theresult证明Nm4地区是一个主要“贡献者”,Nm4地区的比例是70%,并且Nm1地区的是30%。紫外线光谱技术提供了监视生产贡献的一种新reservoirgeochemical技术,特别为简历降级的重油,而是它有某限制,就取决于GC指纹技术。
简介:ExperimentshavebeenperformedonthesystemMgO-SiO2-Cr-Oat0-2.88GPaand1100-1450℃,focusingonthestabilityofCr^2+inolivine(O1),orthopyroxene(Opx)andspinel(Sp)anditspartitioningbetweenthesephases.Analyticalreagentgradechemicals,MgO,SiO2,Cr2O3.andCrwereusedtomakestartingmixtures.ExcessCr(50%)wasthenaddedinthesemixturestoensurethattheresultantphaseswereinequilibriumwiththemetalCr.FluxofBaO+B2O3(%)wasaddedforfacilitatingexperimentalequilibriumandcrystalgrowth.Crwasusedascapsulematerial.AllphasesintheproductwereidentifiedbyX-rayandanalyzedbyelectronmicroprobe,ThecontentsofCrOinthedifferentphases(O1,OpxandSp)werecalculatedaccordingtostoichiometry.TheobtainedresultsofcalculationindicatethatCr^3+inOlandOpxisnegligible.Theexperimentalresultsshow;(a)withincreasingtemperatureanddecreasingpressure,Cr^2+solubilityinOl,OpxandSpincreases;(b)withincreasingtemperature,thepartitioningcoefficientofMgandCr^2+betweenOlandOpxdecreases,thatbetweenOpxandSpincreases,andthatbetweenOlandSpremainsalmostunchanged;(c)theeffectofpressureonallpartitioningcoefficientsisnegligible.