简介:Sustainableurbanizationisadynamic,multi-dimensionalprocess.Itembracesrelationshipsbetweenallhumansettlements,fromsmalltownstometropolises,aswellasbetweenurbancentresandtheirsurroundingruralareas.Mostcrucially,itincludesnotonlyenvironmentalbutalsosocial,economicandpolitical-institutionalsustainability.Tomovetowardssustainableurbanization,itwillbenecessarytolearnfromrecentexperienceandtodevelopandoperationalisenewideasandapproachestoaddressawiderangeofconcerns.TheWorldSummitonSustainableDevelopmentprovideatimelyopportunitytolookmorecloselyatthechallengesandopportunitiesposedbyurbanization-anopportunitytobroadenthewaysinwhichwethinkaboutsustainabledevelopmentandthemeansbywhichtheglobalcommunityseekstoachieveit.
简介:Thepurposeofthepresentthemepaperistoconsiderhowapproachestourbandevelopmenthaveevolvedovertime,andmostrecentlywiththeadventoftheabove-mentionedinternationalconcernforurbanpovertyreduction.Specifically,howlocalactors,includinggovernmentsatalllevels,non-governmentalorganizations,professionalsandpeoplelivingandworkinginslums,haveattemptedtoimprovecitiesandurbancentresinwaysthatarefavourabletotheurbanpoor.Foreaseofanalysis,thepaperconsiderstwoelementsofurbandevelopment-urbanmanagementandshelterstrategies.Chapteronebeginswithareviewoftheevolutionofurbanplanningandmanagementapproaches,frommasterplanstopro-poorurbangovernance.Chaptertwoexaminestheevolutionofshelterstrategies,fromdirectgovernmentsupplytoanemphasisonsecurityoftenureforthepoor.Someofthekeylessonslearnedfrombothapproachesaresummarizedinchapterthree.Examplesofcurrentinnovationsinapproachestourbanpovertyreductionaredescribedinchapterfour,lookingatcontributionsatthelocal,nationalandinternationallevels.