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简介：ApresentstatusofthediagnosticsinEASTispresented.AsaveryimportantstepoftheEASTproject,tensofdiagnosticswereemployedforoperationandprotectionofthemachine,plasmacontrolandphysicsanalysistoaccommodaterequirementforthestudyonplasmaperformanceinEASTwithupgradedradiofrequency(RF)injectionpowerupto4MW(bothLHCDandICRF)intheforthcomingyears.Recently,newdiagnosticsaresetuptoprovideseveralprofilesofkeyplasmaparametersforthefurtherevaluationandbetterunderstandingoftheplasmaperformanceandphysicsinEAST,includinga25-channelThomsonscatteringsystemfordensityandelectrontemperature,ametalbolometryforradiatedpower,anX-raycrystalspectroscopyforbothionandelectrontemperaturesandplasmarotationvelocity,etc.Itisexpectedthatthesediagnosticswouldplayanimportantroleindataanalysisandinterpretationcombinedwithintegratedmodeling.

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简介：Aspectraldiagnosticsofcomplexareplasmausingmultiplespectralinformationofareself-emittingispro-posed.Thismethodisabletosimultaneouslydeterminecomponentdensities,thecorrespondingtemperatureandtheirdis-tributionsbyafewlineintensitiesmeasurent.Theprincipleofthemethodandtherelevantmeasuringsystemarede-scribed.Anequationsystemisestablishedforcomputationofthestatevariablesinareplasma.Anexperimentunderweldingareconditionismadeasanapplicationofthemethod.Theeffectsofprobableerrorsourcesonthemeasurementarealsoanalysed.

简介：Twodiagnosticsarepresentedforthetransformationofexplanatoryvariablesinregression.OneisbasedonthelikelihooddisplacementproposedbyCookandWeisberg(1982)forassessingtheinfluenceofindividualcasesonthemaximumlikelihoodestimateofatransformationparameter.Theotherisbasedonthelocalin-fluencetheoryproposedbyCook(1986)forassessingtheinfluenceofsmallperturba-tionsontheparameterestimates.Computationsarcperformedforadatasettoillus-tratetheusefulnessofthesediagnostics.

简介：InthispaperwereviewtheprovisionofthelaserdiagnosticsthatareinstalledontheVulcanlaserfacility.Wewillpresentstrategiesfordealingwiththeenergyofhighenergysystemsandwithwaysofhandlingthebeamsizesofthelasers.Wepresentdatacapturedduringtypicalexperimentalcampaignstodemonstratetheirreliabilityandvariationinshottoshotvalues.

简介：Thispapermainlyinvestigatesplasmacharacterizationoncarbonfibercathodeswithandwithoutcesiumiodide(CsI)coatingpoweredbya～300ns,～200kVacceleratingpulse.ItwasfoundthattheCsIlayerscannotonlyimprovethediodevoltage,butalsomaintainastableperveance.Thisindicatesaslowlychangeddiodegaporalowcathodeplasmaexpansionvelocity.Byspectroscopicdiagnostics,inthevicinityofthecathodesurfacetheaverageplasmadensityandtemperaturewerefoundtobe～3×1014cm3and～5eV,respectively,foranelectroncurrentdensityof～40A/cm2.Furthermore,thereexistsamulticomponentplasmaexpansiontowardtheanode.Theplasmaexpansionvelocity,correspondingtothecarbonandhydrogenions,isestimatedtobe～1.5cm/μs.Mostnotably,Csspectroscopiclinewasobtainedonlyatthedistance≤0.5mmfromthecathodesurface.Carbonandhydrogenionsareobtaineduptothedistanceof2.5mmfromthecathodesurface.Csionsalmostremainatthevicinityofthecathodesurface.TheseresultsshowthattheadditionofCsIenablesaslowcathodeplasmaexpansiontowardtheanode,providingapositiveprospectfordevelopinglong-pulseelectronbeamsources.

简介：Muonsproducedbyashortpulselasercanserveasanewtypeofmuonsourcehavingpotentialadvantagesofhighintensity,smallsourceemittance,shortpulsedurationandlowcost.Tovalidateitinexperiments,asuitablemuondiagnosticssystemisneededsincehighmuonfluxgeneratedbyashortpulselasershotisalwaysaccompaniedbyhighradiationbackground,whichisquitedifferentfromcasesingeneralmuonresearches.Adetectionsystemisproposedtodistinguishmuonsignalsfromradiationbackgroundbymeasuringthemuonlifetime.Itisbasedonthescintillatordetectorwithwaterandleadshields,inwhichwaterisusedtoadjustenergiesofmuonsstoppedinthescintillatorandleadtoagainstradiationbackground.AGeant4simulationontheperformanceofthedetectionsystemshowsthatefficiencyupto52%couldbearrivedforlow-energymuonsaround200MeVandthisefficiencydecreasesto14%forhigh-energymuonsabove1000MeV.Thesimulationalsoshowsthatthemuonlifetimecanbederivedproperlybymeasuringattenuationofthescintillalightofelectronsfrommuondecaysinsidethescintillatordetector.

简介：Theobjectiveofthispaperistodevelopaneuralnetwork-basedresidualgeneratortodetectthefaultintheactuatorsforaspecificcommunicationsatelliteinitsattitudecontrolsystem(ACS).First,adynamicmultilayerperceptronnetworkwithdynamicneuronsisused,theseneuronscorrespondtoasecondorderlinearInfiniteImpulseResponse(IIR)filterandanonlinearactivationfunctionwithadjustableparameters.Second,theparametersfromthenetworkareadjustedtominimizeaperformanceindexspecifiedbytheoutputestimatederror,withthegiveninput-outputdatacollectedfromthespecificACS.Then,theproposeddynamicneuralnetworkistrainedandappliedfordetectingthefaultsinjectedtothewheel,whichisthemainactuatorinthenormalmodeforthecommunicationsatellite.Thentheperformanceandcapabilitiesoftheproposednetworkweretestedandcomparedwithaconventionalmodel-basedobserverresidual,showingthedifferencesbetweenthesetwomethods,andindicatingthebenefitoftheproposedalgorithmtoknowtherealstatusofthemomentumwheel.Finally,theapplicationofthemethodsinasatellitegroundstationisdiscussed.

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简介：AbstractCongenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect worldwide. In recent years, the widespread application of innovative molecular diagnostic technologies in clinical scenarios has obviously increased the molecular diagnostic yields of CHD, providing evidence-based guidance for medical decision-making. These molecular diagnostic technologies include chromosome microarray analysis, targeted sequencing, exome sequencing, and genome sequencing. Furthermore, high-throughput sequencing technology has performed excellently in the clinical molecular diagnosis of CHD. This review provides an overview of the current technology and applications in the molecular diagnosis of CHD. The unmet issues and future directions in adapting novel genomic testing technologies to the molecular diagnosis of CHD in clinical settings are also addressed.

简介：ThisstudypresentstheLangmuirandFaradayprobemeasurementsconductedtodeterminetheplumecharacteristicsoftheBUSTLabmicrowaveelectrothermalthruster(MET).Thethruster,designedtooperateat2.45GHzfrequency,isrunwithhelium,argonandnitrogengasesasthepropellant.Forthemeasurements,thepropellantvolumeflowrateandthedeliveredmicrowavepowerlevelsarevaried.Experimentswithnitrogengasrevealedcertainoperationregimeswhereaveryluminousplumeisobserved.Withtheuseofin-house-builtLangmuirprobesandaFaradayprobewithguardring,thrusterplumeelectrontemperature,plasmadensityandioncurrentdensityvaluesaremeasured,andtheresultsarepresented.ThemeasurementsshowthatMETthrusterplumeeffectsonspacecraftwilllikelybesimilartothoseofthearcjetplume.Itisobservedthatthemeasuredplumeionfluxlevelsareverylowforthehighvolumeflowratesusedfortheoperationofthisthruster.

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简介：Inthisarticle,thejointdistributionsofseveralactuarialdiagnosticswhichareimportanttoinsurers’runningforthejump-diffusionriskprocessareexamined.Theyincludetheruintime,thetimeofthesurplusprocessleavingzeroultimately(simply,theultimatelyleaving-time),thesurplusimmediatelypriortoruin,thesupremeprofitsbeforeruin,thesupremeprofitsanddeficituntilitleaveszeroultimatelyandsoon.TheexplicitexpressionsfortheirdistributionsareobtainedmainlybythevariouspropertiesofL′evyprocess,suchasthehomogeneousstrongMarkovpropertyandthespatialhomogeneitypropertyetc,moveover,themanypropertiesforBrownianmotion.

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简介：ChargedparticlediagnosticsisoneoftherequiredtechniquesforimplosionarealdensitydiagnosticsattheSG-IIIfacility.Severalprotonspectrometersareunderdevelopment,andsomepreliminaryarealdensitydiagnosticshavebeencarriedout.Theresponseofthekeydetector,CR39,tochargedparticleswasinvestigatedindetail.Anewtrackprofilesimulationcodebasedonasemi-empiricalmodelwasdeveloped.TheenergyresponseoftheCR39detectorwascalibratedwiththeacceleratorprotonsandalphasfroma241Amsource.AprotonspectrometerbasedonthefilteredCR39detectorwasdeveloped,andD–Dprimaryprotonmeasurementswereimplemented.Asteprangefilterspectrometerwasdeveloped,andpreliminaryarealdensitydiagnosticswascarriedout.AwedgedrangefilterspectrometerarraymadeofSiwithahigherresolutionwasdesignedanddevelopedattheSG-IIIfacility.AparticleresponsesimulationcodebytheMonteCarlomethodandaspectraunfoldingcodeweredeveloped.Thecapabilitywasevaluatedindetailbysimulations.

简介：Anewtime-resolvedshifteddualtransmissiongratingspectrometer(SDTGS)isdesignedandfabricatedinthiswork.ThisSDTGSusesanewshifteddualtransmissiongrating(SDTG)asitsdispersivecomponent,whichhastwosubtransmissiongratingswithdifferentlinedensities,of2000lines/mmand5000lines/mm.TheaxesofthetwosubtransmissiongratingsinSDTGarehorizontallyandverticallyshiftedacertaindistancetomeasureabroadrangeof0.1–5keVtime-resolvedX-rayspectra.TheSDTGhasbeencalibratedwithasoftX-raybeamofthesynchrotronradiationfacilityanditsdiffractionefficiencyisalsomeasured.ThedesignedSDTGScantakefulluseofthespaceonarecordpanelandimprovetheprecisionformeasuringspatialandtemporalspectrumsimultaneously.ItwillbeapromisingapplicationforaccuratediagnosisofthesoftX-rayspectrumininertialconfinementfusion.

简介：Temperatureanddensityasymmetrydiagnosisiscriticaltoadvanceinertialconfinementfusion(ICF)science.Amultimonochromaticx-rayimager,MMI,recordsthespectralsignaturefromanICFimplosioncorewithtimeresolution,2Dspatialresolutionandspectralresolution.Whilenarrow-bandimagesand2Dspace-resolvedspectrafromtheMMIdataconstrainthetemperatureandthedensityspatialstructureofthecore,theaccuracyoftheimagesandthespectrahighlydependsonthequalityoftheMMIdataandtheprocessingtools.Here,wesyntheticallyinvestigatethecriterionforreliableMMIdiagnosticsanditseffectsontheaccuracyofthereconstructedimages.Thepinholearraytiltdeterminestheobjectspatialsamplingefficiencyandtheminimumreconstructionwidth,w.Whenthespectralwidthassociatedwithwissignificantlynarrowerthanthespectrallinewidth,thelineimagesreconstructedfromtheMMIdatabecomereliable.TheMMIsetuphastobeoptimizedforeveryapplicationtomeetthiscriterionforreliableICFdiagnostics.