简介：AIM:ToexplorethemolecularmechanismsinlensdevelopmentandthepathogenesisofPetersanomalyinSmad4defectivemice.METHODS:Le-CretransgenicmouselinewasemployedtoinactivateSmad4inthesurfaceectodermselectively.PathologicaltechniqueswereusedtorevealthemorphologicalchangesoftheanteriorsegmentinSmad4defectiveeye.ImmunohistochemicalstainingwasemployedtoobservetheexpressionofE-cadherin,Ncadherinanda-SMAinanteriorsegmentofSmad4defectivemiceandcontrolmiceatembryonic(E)day16.5.Real-timequantitativepolymerasechainreaction(qPCR)wasperformedtodetecttheexpressionofSnail,Zeb1,Zeb2andTwist2inlensofSmad4defectivemiceandcontrolmiceatE16.5.RESULTS:ConditionaldeletionofSmad4oneyesurfaceectodermresultedincorneaidysplasia,iridocornealangleclosure,corneolenticularadhesionsandcataractresemblingPetersanomaly.LossofSmad4functioninhibitedE-cadherinexpressioninthelensepitheliumcellsandcorneaiepitheliumcellsinSmad4defectiveeye.ExpressionofN-cadherinwasupregulatedincorneaiepitheliumandcorneaistroma.BothE-cadherinandN-cadherinweredown-regulatedatthefuturetrabecularmeshworkregioninmutanteye.TheqPCRresultsshowedthattheexpressionofTwist2wasincreasedsignificantlyinthemutantlens(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Smad4isessentialtoeyedevelopmentandlikelyacandidatepathogenicgenetoPetersanomalybyregulatingepithelial-mesenchymaltransition.Twist2canberegulatedbySmad4andplaysanessentialroleinlensdevelopment.

简介：

简介：ＡＦＡＭＩＬＩＡＬ４６ＸＹＧＯＮＡＤＡＬＤＹＳＧＥＮＥＳＩＳＡＮＤＨＩＧＨＩＮＣＩＤＥＮＣＥＯＦＥＭＢＲＹＯＮＩＣＧＯＮＡＤＡＬＴＵＭＯＲＳＥｈＺｈｅｎｇ；鄂征；ＬｉｕＷｅｉｌｉ；刘伟莉（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｙｔｏｇｅｎｅｔｉｃｓ，Ｂｅｉｊｉｎ...

简介：无

简介：

简介：Haemangiopericytoma(HPC)isararevasculartumorwithborderlinemalignancy,considerablehistologicalvariability,andunpredictableclinicalandbiologicalbehavior.HPCcanpresentadiagnosticchallengebecauseofitsindeterminateclinical,radiological,andpathologicalfeatures.HPCgenerallypresentsinadulthoodandisequallyfrequentinbothsexes.HPCcanariseinanysiteinthebodyasaslowlygrowingandpainlessmass.TheprecisecelltypeoriginofHPCisuncertain.OnethirdofHPCsoccurintheheadandneckareas.Exceptionalcasesofhemangioblastomaarisingoutsidetheheadandneckareashavebeenreported,butlittleisknownabouttheirclinicopathologicandimmunohistochemicalfeatures.Thisstudyreportsonacaseofalargesacro-anteriorHPCina65-year-oldmale.

简介：

简介：

简介：摘要：随着网络规模的不断扩大和业务需求的多样化，传统的网络路由技术在高效性、可扩展性和灵活性等方面面临挑战。Segment Routing（SR）作为一种新型的网络路由技术，能够在满足不同业务需求的同时，保持网络架构的简单和高效。本文主要对Segment Routing技术进行了全面的分析与研究，包括其概念、原理、架构设计以及应用场景。

简介：AbstractObjective:There has been a significant shift from open craniofacial resection of the anterior skull base to endoscopic approaches that accomplish the same outcomes in tumor ablation. However, when open resection is required, free flap reconstruction is often necessary to provide sufficient well-vascularized tissue for optimal wound healing as well as providing adequate tissue bulk for cosmesis. This articleaims to providea focused review of free flaps most commonly used in anterior skull base reconstruction.Methods:This is a state-of-the-art review based on expert opinion and previously published reviews and journal articles, queried using PubMed and Google Scholar.Results & conclusion:Anterior skull base reconstruction via free tissue transfer is imperative in limiting complications and promoting healing, particularly with large defects, post-radiation, and in at-risk patients. The type of free flap utilized for a particular anterior skull base reconstruction should be tailored to the patient and nature of the disease. This review offers insight into the numerous reconstructive options for the free flap surgeon.

简介：Diexiearthquake(M7.5)in1933isagreateventthatoccurredattheeastborderofQinghai-XizangPlateauinthe20thcentury.Thereareobviouslydifferentopinionsabouttheshapeofisoseismallinesandthegeneticfaultofthisearthquke.Basedonthestudyofthenewlyfoundnorth-southtrendingactivefaultandgroundfissuresofDiexiearthquake,thispapertendstoholdthat,asthesouthwardextensionofMiujiangfault,thisnorth-southtrendingactivefaultmightbethegeneticfaultofthisevent.

简介：DearEditor,Adenocarcinomaofthenonpigmentedciliaryepithelium(NPCE)isararemalignanttumorwhichisnoteasytobefoundintheearlystage~([1]).Herein,wereportacaseofadenocarcinomaoftheNPCEinaChineseboyanddiscussits

简介：Thispaperanalysestheanteriordescendingbranchofthearteriacoronariasinistrafromtheviewofhemodynamics.Theresultsshowthatthebranchingoftheanteriordescendingbranchwithanangleof90°attheopeningandtheformationofthemuralarteriacoronariaarethehemodynamiccharacteristics.Theshearingstressoftheturbulentflow,theadditionalpressure,theformationofthebloodvertex,andtheimpulsivepressure,causedbythesecharacteristics,arehemodynamicreasonsthatleadstotheoccurenceofatherosclerosisinanteriordescendingbranch.

简介：

简介：

简介：

简介：BackgroundNon-ST-segmentelevationacutecoronarysyndrome(NSTE-ACS)isanacuteheartdiseasecausedbyincompleteocclusionofrelatedcoronaryarterieswithunstableatheroscleroticplaques.LeadaVRSTsegmentelevationandcTnIpositivearecloselycorrelatedtotheprognosisofNSTE-ACSpatients.However,therearefewstudiesapplyingthetwopredictorstoearlyriskstratificationinNSTE-ACSpatients.MethodTwohundredandfivecasesofNSTE-ACSpatientsfollowedupfor6monthsafterdischargewerereviewed.Allpatientsweredividedintofourgroups:GroupA-cTnInegativecombinedwithaVR-non-ST-segmentelevationgroup(100cases);GroupB-cTnInegativecombinedwithaVR-ST-segmentelevationgroup(31cases);GroupC-cTnIpositivecombinedwithaVR-non-ST-segmentelevationgroup(43cases);GroupD-cTnIpositivecombinedwithaVR-ST-segmentelevationgroup(31cases).Therewasnosignificantdifferenceingender,age,oldmyocardialinfarction,previousPCIhistory,hypertension,anddiabetesbetweenaVR-STelevationgroupandnoaVR-STelevationgroup.Themorbidityofleftmainorthree-vesselcoronaryarterydiseaseaswellasadversecardiovasculareventsinthefourgroupswereobservedandanalyzed.Results(i)Themorbidityofleftmainorthree-vesselcoronaryarterydiseasewashighestinGroupD(87.1%),andwasmarkedlyhigherinGroupB(41.9%)thanthatinGroupA(7%)orGroupC(9.3%);(ii)TheincidenceofadversecardiovasculareventswashighestinGroupD(77.4%),andwasmuchhigherinB(35.5%)ascomparedwiththattinGroupA(1%)orgroupC(7%).ConclusionElectrocardiographicleadaVRST-segmentelevationcombinedwithcTnIpositivehasanimportantclinicalvalueinpredictingtheprognosisofthepatientswithNSTE-ACS.

简介：AbstractPurpose:No therapeutic consensus has been established about proximal ruptures of the rectus femoris muscle. The objective of this literature review is to determine a therapeutic course of action.Methods:We conducted a literature review on the PubMed database using the following keywords (in French and English, respectively): "quadriceps/quadriceps", "droit antérieur/rectus femoris", "proximal/proximal", "chirurgie/surgical", "avulsion/avulsion". We collected 266 articles, 36 of them were selected, which were related to our topic: proximal rupture of the anterior rectus femoris. Patients with a proximal rupture of the rectus femoris, minor or major patient of traumatic origin were included in this study. Patients injured at another lesion level, or non-traumatic lesions of the proximal rectus femoris (tendinitis without ruptures, tumor or others) were excluded. For each patient, the indications, the type of treatment and the functional result were analyzed, with the time to recovery and the level of recovery from sports and professional activities (same sport/profession or not, same level or not) as the main criterion of judgment. Fisher exact test was used for statistical comparison.Results:The aims of conservative treatment are to be pain free for the patient, to fight hematoma and to rehabilitate the injury as quickly as possible. The surgical techniques are varied, with most consisting of either a reinsertion of the musculo-tendon stump or a resection of the scar tissue with myo-tendino-aponeurotic suture in place. The functional results are good for the majority of the treatments proposed, but the conservative treatment has a shorter recovery time (3 months vs. 4 months for the best surgical results). Highly displaced bone avulsion is the only indication for first-line surgical treatment.Conslusion:The main disadvantage of conservative treatment is the risk of residual pain beyond 3 months (10%), justifying an MRI to guide secondary surgical treatment. We propose a treatment plan for proximal rupture of the proximal rectus femoris rupture.

简介：Ifsystolicanteriormotion(SAM)ofaredundantanteriorleafletofthemitralvalveiscombinedwithsystolicthickeningofanasymmetricseptum,(ASH),anarrowoutflowchanneloftheleftventricleisformed.Thisnarrowedoutflowchannelisthenresponsibleforthemidsystolicpressuredifferencebetweenthebodyoftheleftventricleandtheoutflowareaoftheleftventricle.Thisresultsinhypertrophic“obstructive”cardiomyopathy(HOCM).

简介：TheundecapeptidesubstanceP(SP)wasshowntobeintimatelyinvolvedinboththestructuralandfunctionalaspectsoftheanteriorpituitary.Yet,inadditiontoitsinfluencesonhormonalsecretion,SPmaywellpossessmoreactionsinthismastergland.ThepresentstudywasfthereforeaimedtoinvestigatetheeffectofSPontheproliferationofratanteriorpituitarycellsinprimaryculture,ItwasfoundthatSPcoulddose-dependentlyincreasetheincorporationoftritiatedthymidine(3H-TdR)intoculturedanteriorpituitarycells.OthermammaliantachykininssuchasneurokininAandneurokininBhadsimilareffectbuttovaryingdegrees.TheequipotentanalogueofSP,Norleucine^11-SP(Nle^11-SP),alsoactedlikewise.withitsactionantagonizablebyspantide,aSPreceptorblocker.TofurthercharacterizethenatureofcellsresponsivetothechallengeofSP,immunocytochemicalstainingagainstS-100proteinandsomeadenohypophysealhormoneswasperformedaloneorplusautoradiography.TheresultsshowedthatthepercentageofS-100proteinimmunorectivecellswasapparentlyelevatedbytheaddtionofNle^11-Spfor48h,whichindicatesapreferentialproliferationoffolliculo-stellatecellsundertheregime.ThiswasconfirmedbyincreasesinimmunocytochemicalorautoradiographicallabellingindicesofanteriorpituitarySubstancePandanteriorpituitarycellproliferation.Cellstreatedsimilarly.Takentogether,TheseresultsrevealthatthetrophicactionofSPobservedpreviouslyinothertissuesisalsopresentatleastinculturedratanteriorpituitarycells.withrespondingcellsbeingpredominantlyfolliculo-stellatecellsastypifiedbyS-100proteinimmunoreactivity.Therefore,anintra-pituitarytrophicactionofSPinvivocouldbeanticipated.