简介：ObesityandrelateddisordersareagrowingprobleminAmerica.Thisepidemicisaresultofbothchanginglifestylesandgenetic/chemicalinfluences.

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简介：Ithasbeendebatedthatwhichofrasterandvectoristhemosteffective,fromtheviewpointsofstorageefficiency,processingefficiency,andabilitytocapturetheessenceofgeographicspaceforanapplication.Theremaybenoclearanswertothisdebate.Itseemsappropriatetonotethatthemaindifferencebetweenthemrelatestothedegreetowhichthespatialentitiesofinterestareexplicitinthedata.　Ingeneral,rasterremotesensingimageallowstheinvestigatortomeasureandmonitorsurfaceelectromagneticwavevariationinwhichmostobjectsandthespatialinterrelationshipsbetweenthemareimplicit.Inpractice,therearemanypoorlyunderstoodtradeoffsincouplingremotesensingdatatoexistingthematicmaps.Mapsusepointsandlinestorepresentselectedfeaturesoftheenvironmentinageneralizedfashion,buttheobjectssuchasindividualpolygons,linesandpointswithinanimagearetypicallyunknown.　　TheintegrationofremotesensinginformationintoaGISoccursnaturallyinarasterGISbecausebothdatastructuresareapproximatelythesame.Integrationintoavectorsystemrequiressomewhatmoreeffort,butithasbeenrecentlyachievedbyseveralGISandremotesensingvendors.Whenoneisstoringalargeamountofimagedatarelatedtosomeapplicationsintoaspatialdatabasesystem,itisnotpossibletoprocessthedataandtoobtainpolygonalrepresentationsofallobjectsthatwillbeofinteresttousersinadvance.Ontheotherhand,itmightbeofgreatvalueinsuchasystemtohaveavectorrepresentationofcertainimportantobjects.Forthisapplication,oneneedstodesignasystemwithbothrasterandvectorcapabilities,aswellastoolstointerrelatethem.Especially,asinFig.1,weneedtoprocessbothrasterandvectorsimultaneously.　　Asdescribedabove,whileaspatialinformationsystemmayhaveseveraldatastructures,thesystemcouldbeextendedinseveralwayswhichcorrespondtothefollowingdifferentproperties(seeFig.2):　1)Thestuructureinforma

简介：Analgorithmforcompensatingthevaryingsectioncontourwithintheextentofeachlayerthicknessisproposedtoimprovetherapidprototypingpart’sshapeandsizeprecision.

简介：近的表面黄土在油和煤气的区域有磁性的危险性异例，这是一个事实。这些异例为什么并且是否发生他们有任何重要价值因为油和煤气的水库的探索是地球物理学者主要被担心关于并且学习的问题。我们在油和煤气的区域分析表面黄土危险性异例的形成的原因，处理与合适的数学方法在西方的中国从油和煤气的区域拿的黄土样品的危险性的观察，并且决定黄土危险性的背景值。这些结果被用来决定油和气体基于危险性异例与一个数字评估因素勘探区域。实际油井用危险性异例验证了那显示油和煤气的水库的地点是有效的。关键词危险性-油和煤气的水库-表面黄土-并且油井第一作者邵光洲在2003从Chang鈥檃n大学在应用地球物理收到了他的M.Sc。他现在为他的博士正在学习并且在Chang鈥檃n大学里教。他出版了五份科学报纸。他的兴趣包括主要地震的探索，水库参数的倒置，和高度--精确gravity/磁性的数据处理。

简介：Westudiedthenear-fieldpropertiesoflocalizedsurfaceplasmonresonancesinfinitelineargoldnanochainsusingphotoemissionelectronmicroscopy(PEEM).Thelocalizationoftheelectromagneticfieldinthenear-fieldregionwasmappedathighspatialresolution.Bytuningtheexcitationlaserwavelength,wecanobtainthenear-fieldspectra,fromwhichtheenergysplittingbetweenlongitudinal(L)andtransverse(T)plasmonmodescanberevealed.Inparticular,theL-moderedshiftsandtheT-modeblueshiftswithincreasingchainlength.TheredshiftoftheL-modeishighlydependentonthegapdistance.Incontrast,theT-modealmostremainsconstantwithintherangeofgapdistanceweinvestigated.ThisenergysplittingbetweentheL-modeandtheT-modeofmetallicchainsisinagreementwithpreviousfar-fieldmeasurements,whereitwasexplainedbydipole-dipolenear-fieldcoupling.Here,weprovidedirectproofofthisnear-fieldplasmoncouplinginnanochainsviatheabove-describednear-fieldmeasurementsusingPEEM.Inaddition,weexploretheenergytransportalongthegoldnanochainsunderexcitationatobliqueilluminationviaPEEMmeasurementstogetherwithnumericalsimulations.

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简介：Anovelprocesstechnologytoprepareglass-ceramicsdirectlyfrommoltensteelslag(MSS)isproposedinthestudy.Theliquid-solidmixingmethodwasusedtoadjustthecomponentsoftheMSSandglass-ceramicswasobtained.Theeffectsofheat-treatmentconditionsonthemicrostructure,physicalandmechanicalpropertiesofsampleswerestudied.Economicalbenefitsofthenovelprocesswereanalyzed.Theresultsshowthatheat-treatmentisaveryeffectiveapproachtoachievingcrystallization.Thedominantcrystalphaseinproductsisdiopside[(Mg6Al2Fe2)Ca(Si1.5Al5)O2].Theshapeofthecrystallizationislikeagranule.Theglass-ceramicsamplesexhibitedgoodmechanicalpropertiesandpresentedchemicalstability.Theeconomicbenefitsoftheprocessareremarkableduetolessenergyconsumptioncomparedwithconventionalglass-ceramicsproductionmethods.

简介：AnumericalschemesapplicabletothedirectsolutionofBoltzmanntransportequation(BTE)invertical-SOINMOSFETareinvestigatedbymeansofthefiniteelementanalysis(FEA).Thesolutiongivestheelectrondistributionfunction,electrostaticpotential,carriersconcentration,driftvelocity,averageenergyanddraincurrentbydirectlysolvingtheBTEandthePoissonequationself-consistency.TheresultshowsthatthedirectnumericalsolutionoftheBTEwiththeaidofFEAandverticalSOINMOSFETisapromisingapproachforultrashortchanneltransistorsmodeling.

简介：Wereportamethodforsimultaneouslyanddirectlymeasuringallsix-degrees-of-freedom(six-DOF)motionerrorsofarotaryaxis.Suchamethodcombinestheprinciplesoflaserinterferometryandlasercollimationmeasurement.Onereferencerotaryaxisandtworetro-reflectorsareusedtoachievesimultaneoussensitivitytoallsixerrorsinafull-circlemeasuringrange.Asnoseparationmodelsarerequired,ourmethodiscapableofdynamicallymeasuringtheseerrorsinrealtimeandconvenientlydeterminingtheoriginoftheerrors.Anautomaticmeasuringdeviceisbuilt.Theeffectivenessofourmethodisexperimentallydemonstrated.

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简介：所有分类的组和种的绝大多数蛋白质被8月codon开始，这很好被建立，翻译了成氨基酸蛋氨酸(相遇)。许多尝试被做评估包围开始codon的序列的重要性，主要集中于RNA顺序。然而，跟随开始的氨基酸的角色和重要性相遇了残余很少被调查，主要在细菌和真菌。此处，我们计算地检验了在Swiss-Prot数据库代表的所有主要的分类的组的蛋白质序列，并且在直接列在后面的位置评估了每个组的偏爱到特定的氨基酸起始相遇。结果显示为蛋白质序列的多数的第二氨基酸有种类特定的偏爱。有趣地，为在第二个位置的某个氨基酸的偏爱在初核质从离氨酸在整个进化变化，通过在更低的优核质的丝氨酸，到在更高的植物和动物的丙氨酸。

简介：PlanarringresonatorwaveguidesarefabricatedinthinfilmsofAs2S3chalcogenideglass,depositedonsilicaon-siliconsubstrates.WaveguidecoresaredirectlywrittenbyscanningthefocusedilluminationofafemtosecondTi:sapphirelaseratacentralwavelengthof810nm,throughatwo-photonphoto-darkeningprocess.Alargephotoinducedindexchangeof0.3–0.4refractiveindexunitsisobtained.Theradiusoftheringresonatoris1.9mm,correspondingtoatransmissionfreespectralrangeof9.1GHz.Ahighloaded（intrinsic）Qvalueof110,000（180,000）isachieved.Thethermaldependenceoftheresonatortransferfunctionischaracterized.Theresultsprovidethefirstreport,tothebestofourknowledge,ofdirectlywrittenhigh-Qringresonatorsinchalcogenideglassfilms,anddemonstratethepotentialofthissimpletechniquetowardsthefabricationofplanarlightguidecircuitsinthesematerials.

简介：Anewsimilarsingle-differencemathematicalmodel(SS-DM)anditscorrespondingalgorithmareadvancedtosolvethedeformationofmonitoringpointdirectlyinsingleepoch.ThemethodforbuildingtheSSDMisintroducedindetail,andthemainerrorsourcesaffectingtheaccu-racyofdeformationmeasurementareanalyzedbriefly,andthebasicalgo-rithmandstepsofsolvingthedeform-ationarediscussed.Inordertovalidatethecorrectnessandtheaccuracyofthesimilarsingle-differencemodel,thetestwithfivedualfrequencyreceiversiscarriedoutonaslidewaywhichmovedinplaneinFeb.2001.Inthetest,fivesessionsareobserved.Thenumericalresultsoftestdatashowthattheadvancedmod-eliscorrect.

简介：A10Gbit/s16-km-longreconfigurablewavelength-division-multiplexingpassiveopticalnetwork(WDM-PON)ispresentedempoweredbyalow-costmulti-channeldirectlymodulatedlaser(DML)module.Comparedwiththecaseusingdiscretedevicesinconventionalscheme,theproposedDMLmoduleprovidesacost-effectivesolutionwithreducedcomplexity.Thecleareyediagramandthebiterrorrate(BER)oflessthan2×10~(-7)withasensitivityof-7dBmareobtained.Duetothespecialpackagingdesign,thecrosstalkbetweenchannelsunderconditionofsimultaneousoperationcanbenegligible.

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简介：Weproposeanovelschemeforopticalfrequency-lockedmulti-carriergenerationbasedonadirectlymodulatedlaser(DML)andaphasemodulator(PM)incascadethroughsynchronoussinusoidalradiofrequency(RF)signal.TheoptimaloperatingzoneforthecascadedDMLandPMschemeisdeterminedviatheoreticalanalysisandnumericalsimulation.Wedemonstrate16opticalsubcarrierscanbesuccessfullygeneratedbasedonthecascadedDMLandPMschemeintheoptimalzone.Thegenerated16opticalsubcarrieshavefrequencyspacingof12.5GHzandpowerdi?erenceoflessthan3dB.Theseresultsagreewellwiththoseofthenumericalsimulation.Wealsodemonstrateintensitymodulationanddirectdetection(IM-DD)basedononeofthe16generatedopticalsubcarriers.After20-kmsingle-modefiber-28(SMF-28)transmission,thebit-errorratio(BER)of1×10-9canbeattainedforboth3.125-and12.5-Gb/sbitrates.

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简介：Weexperimentallydemonstratedadiode-pumpedKerr-lensmode-lockedfemtosecondlaserwithaYb:CaYAlO4crystalasthegainmedium.Pulsedurationasshortas33fswasobtaineddirectlyfromtheoscillatoratarepetitionrateof115MHz.Thecentralwavelengthwasat1059nmwithaspectralbandwidthof49nm.Theseare,tothebestofourknowledge,theshortestpulsesgeneratedfromaYb:CaYAlO4oscillator.