简介：Thispaperdealswithadiscrete-timeGeo/Geo/1queueingsystemwithworkingbreakdownsinwhichcustomersarriveatthesysteminvariableinputratesaccordingtothestatesoftheserver.Theservermaybesubjecttobreakdownsatrandomwhenitisinoperation.Assoonastheserverfails,arepairprocessimmediatelybegins.Duringtherepairperiod,thedefectiveserverstillprovidesserviceforthewaitingcustomersatalowerservicerateratherthancompletelystoppingservice.Weanalyzethestabilityconditionfortheconsideredsystem.Usingtheprobabilitygeneratingfunctiontechnique,weobtaintheprobabilitygeneratingfunctionofthesteady-statequeuesizedistribution.Also,variousimportantperformancemeasuresarederivedexplicitly.Furthermore,somenumericalresultsareprovidedtocarryoutthesensitivityanalysissoastoillustratetheeffectofdifferentparametersonthesystemperformancemeasures.Finally,anoperatingcostfunctionisformulatedtomodelacomputersystemandtheparabolicmethodisemployedtonumericallyfindtheoptimumservicerateinworkingbreakdownperiod.
简介：OnthebasisofChineseandTibetanhistoricalmaterials,Mr.Z.AhmadinhisSino-TibetanRelationsinthe17thCentury,publishedin1970,gaveadescriptionofPrinceChanhua(lit.PrinceofthePropagationoftheDoctrineoftheBuddha)repeatedlyrequestinganewtitlefromtheQingcourtduringthereignofEmperorShunzhi.
简介：LaiyangformationofJiaolaiBasinisthetargetstratumforoilandgasexploration.Bymeasuringseveralfieldsections,theauthorsfindthatLaiyangformationrevealsthewholeprocessesfromdevelopmenttodeathofthelakebasinanditssedimentaryfaciesdifferindifferentstructurallocations.AnalysesaboutsedimentaryfaciesandpaleocurrentorientationsinassociationwithresearchesaboutthepositivetectonicunitssuchasDayetouhorsebackandChaigouhorstindicatethatLaiyangsagisarelativelyindependentsedimentaryunitthatshowsgreatwaterdepthtypicalofdeeplakeorsemideeplakeandwascontrolledbyWulongcunfaultduringthedepositionperiodofLaiyangformation.ItssedimentsmainlyoriginatedfromJiaobeiupliftareaandDayetouhorseback.Gaomi-Zhuchengsagwasafast-filledbasincontrolledbyWurongfaultandYishufaultzone,beinghighinthenortheastandlowinthenorthwestandcharacterizedbythedevelopmentofpluvialfaciesandfluvialfaciesinmostareas,andwiththedevelopmentoflakefaciesbeinglimitedtolocallow-lyingregions.Selectionofadvantageoushydrocarbonreservoirareasforexplorationpurposemainlyreliesonthesedimentationpatternofprototypebasinandconservationconditions.Thecentral-westareaofLaiyangsagcoveredbyoverlyingLaiyangformationisthemostadvantageousexplorationarea.
简介：BioengineeringTechnoIogy(Ⅰ)1.Cropmolecularmarker-assistedselectionandpyramidingbreedingtechnology2.Superhybridrice
简介：AtmosphericInfraredSounder(AIRS)datashowthattheSaharanairlayer(SAL)isadry,warm,andwell-mixedlayerbetween950and500hPaoverthetropicalAtlantic,extendingwestwardfromtheAfricancoasttotheCaribbeanSea.TheformationsofbothHurricaneIsabelandTropicalDepression14(TD14)wereaccompaniedwithoutbreaksofSALairduringtheperiod1-12September2003,althoughTD14failedtodevelopintoanamedtropicalcyclone.TheinfluenceoftheSALontheirformationsisinvestigatedbyexaminingdatafromsatelliteobservationsandnumericalsimulations,inwhichAIRSdataareincorporatedintotheMM5modelthroughthenudgingtechnique.AnalysesoftheAIRSandsimulationdatasuggestthattheSALmayhaveplayedtworolesintheformationoftropicalcyclonesduringtheperiod1-12September2003.First,theoutbreaksofSALairon3and8Septemberenhancedthetransverse-verticalcirculationwiththerisingmotionalongthesouthernedgeoftheSALandthesinkingmotioninsidetheSAL,triggeringthedevelopmentoftwotropicaldisturbancesassociatedwithHurricaneIsabelandTD14.Second,inadditiontothereducedenvironmentalhumidityandenhancedstaticstabilityinthelowertroposphere,theSALdryairintrudedintotheinnerregionofthesetropicaldisturbancesastheircyclonic?owsbecamestrong.ThiseffectmayhavesloweddowntheformationofIsabelandinhibitedTD14becominganamedtropicalcyclone,whiletheenhancedverticalshearcontributedlittletotropicalcycloneformationduringthisperiod.The48-htrajectorycalculationsconfirmthattheparcelsfromtheSALcanbetransportedintotheinnerregionofanincipienttropicalcyclone.
简介：Effectsofspacevelocity,reactiontemperatureandsupportacidityonproductdistributionandinductionperiodin1-buteneisomerizationandmetathesisoverMo/mordenite-aluminawereinvestigated.Asrevealedbythecatalyticperformanceresults,inductionperiodandobjectiveproductwerecloselyrelatedtothereactionconditions.Lowerspacevelocityledtolongerinductionperiodandhigherpropeneyield.Theoptimalreactiontemperatureforpropeneproductionisaround150Canditshiftedto100Cforetheneproduction.1-Buteneauto-metathesispredominatedinthereactionnetworkifthesupportwithlowerdegreeofsodiumexchanged.Andpropenegraduallybecamethedominantproductuponincreasingthesupportsodiumexchangedegree.6Mo/H100Na0M-30Alcatalystwithasupportoffullsodiumexchangedegreeexhibitedthehighestpropeneyield.
简介：ObjectivesToinvestigatetheeffectofelectricalstimulationduringabsoluterefractoryperiodoncontractionandrelaxationofventricularmyocytesfromnormalguinea-pigs.MethodsTheguinea-pigventricularmyocyteswereobtainedbyenzymedigesting,andtheextentofitscontractionandrelaxationandCa^2+transientwererecordedthroughthemotionedgedetectionsystem.Results①Thecontractingextentofguinea-pigventrieularmyocytesincreased15.45±6.48%,andthepeakvelocityofshorting(contraction)andthepeakvelocityofrelengthening(relaxation)increased15.97±8.37%and21.63±8.06%respectively(n=10);②Theextentofventricularmyocytesfluorescenceratio(360/380)(F360/F380)increased22.55±9.08%,andthepeakvelocityofventricularmyocytesF360/F380increased36.75±9.77%and23.62±4.47%duringshortingandrelengtheningrespectively(n=6).ConclusionsAppropriateelectricalstimulationmaystrengthenthenormalguinea-pigcontractingandrelaxingfunctionofventricularmyocytes.
简介：TheNCEP/NCARIIdailymeanreanalysisdataandobservedprecipitationdataareemployedtoinvestigatethewestwardextensionofthewesternPacificsubtropicalhigh(WPSH)duringtheheavyrainperiodoverthesouthernChinainJune2005.Resultsshowthattheremayexistarelationshipbetweentheeast-westshiftoftheWPSHandtheprocessofasouthernChinaheavyrain.TheanalysisindicatesthattheverticalmotionintheWPSHareaismainlycausedbythelatentheatreleaseofmonsoonrainbeltsonitsnorthernandsouthernsides.TheverticalmotioncouldcausetheaccumulationofairmassinthecenterandwestoftheWPSH,whichleadstoitsstrengthening.TheappearanceofthenorthernandsouthernmonsoonrainbeltscouldnotonlyenhancetheWPSHbystrengtheningthedescendingdraft,butalsoexcitethedevelopmentofpositivevorticityandrestricttheWPSH'smovementinthenorth-southdirection.Moreover,theIndianmonsoonrainfalltothewestoftheWPSHmayexcitethedevelopmentofanticyclonicvorticityonitseasternside,whichleadstothewestwardextensionoftheWPSH.
简介：TheonsetofSouthChinaSeasummermonsoonin1998occurredonMay21st.UsingtheU.S.NationalCentersforEnvironmentalPredictionreanalysisdata,thispaperexaminesthephysicalprocessoftheweakeningofasubtropicalanticycloneinWestPacificduringtheonsetperiodusingtheZwack-Okossivorticityequation.Resultsshowthatduringthepre-onsetperiod,thepositivevorticityadvectioninfrontofanuppertropospherictroughwasthemostdominantphysicalmechanismfortheincreaseofthecyclonicvorticityonthe850-hPalayerovertheSouthChinaSeaanditsnearbyregion.Thesecondarycontributiontotheincreaseofthecyclonicvorticitywasthewarm-airadvection.Aftertheonset,themagnitudeofthelatent-heatwarmingtermrapidlyincreasedanditseffectontheincreaseofthecyclonicvorticitywasaboutthesameasthepositive-vorticityadvection.Theadiabatictermanddivergencetermcontributednegativelytotheincreaseofthecyclonicvorticitymostofthetime.Thus,thepositivevorticityadvectionisthemostimportantphysicalmechanismfortheweakeningoftheWestPacificsubtropicalanticycloneovertheSouthChinaSeaduringtheonsetperiod.
简介：Thechangesinlaborsupplyanddemandareimportantfactorsaffectingeconomicgrowth.ThepurposeofthispaperistopredictandanalyzethetrendsinChina'slaborsupplyanddemandduringthe13thFive-YearPlanperiodandthelongerperiodinthefuture.Thescaleandstructureoftheannualnewentrantsoflaborforcearepredictedbyaccountingthenumberswhoareleavingfromvariousstagesofeducation.whiletrendsoflabordemandarepredictedaccordingtoemploymentelasticityfromtheexperienceofindustrializationofdevelopedcountries.Theresultsshowthat,duringthe13thFiveYearPlanperiod.thescaleofthenewaddedlaborwoulddecreaseslightly,withanaverageannualincrementofaround15.68million.Atthesametime.labordemandwouldincreasesteadily,withannually15.42millionemploymentopportunities.Laborsupplyanddemandwouldberoughlybalanced;however,therewouldbeincreasingstructuralcontradictionsofthelabormarket.Basedontheanalysisoflaborsupplyanddemand,weprovideanestimationoftheunemploymentscaleofthe40'sand50'sgenerations,migrantworkersandcollegegraduates,anddiscusspolicysuggestionsonpromotingemploymentofcollegegraduates.
简介：AnexperimentalMg97Zn1Y2(molarfraction,%)alloywasproducedbyrollingtheas-castalloy.Themicrostructureofthealloyiscomposedoftheα-Mg(alsomarkedas2H-Mgwithreferencetolong-periodstackingstructureaccordingtohexagonalclosepackedstructure)andlong-periodstacking(LPS)phase.TensiletestsofMg97Zn1Y2alloyincomparisonwithpureMgwereconducted.Thefracturemorphologiesofthetensilespecimenswerecharacterizedandthemicrostructuresnearfracturesurfacewereobserved.TheresultsshowthattherolledMg97Zn1Y2alloyshowsamixedfracturemodeincludingdimplesindicatingaductilefracturepatternandasmallfractionofcleavageplanesindicatingabrittlefracturepattern,whichisdifferentfromthesinglebrittlefractureoftheas-castalloy.Inaddition,theplasticdeformationismainlyfromdislocationsinducedstrainwithsmallstrengtheningeffectduringplasticdeformationintheas-castMg97Zn1Y2alloy,andthestrainhardeningrateissimilartothatoftheas-castpuremagnesium.ThedeformationmechanismofMg97Zn1Y2alloyisdifferentfromthatofthepuremagnesiumaccordingtoametallographicalobservationthatwhethertwinsarefoundornot.ThestrengtheningeffecthardlyexistsintherolledMg97Zn1Y2alloyunderthesamedislocationsinducedstrain,whichisdifferentfromthatoftheas-castalloywithmoderatestrengtheningeffect.
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