Differentialproteinsexpressinginectopicandeutopicendometriawereinvestigatedbymeansofproteomicanalysis.Fivepatientsinsecretaryphasewerediagnosedasendometriosisbylaparoscopy.Thefiveectopicendometria(twoatstageⅡ,twoatstageⅢandoneatstageIV)andfiveeutopicendometriaweresurgicallyexcised.One-dimensionalelectrophoresiscoupledwithliquidchromatographyandmassspectrometrywasusedtoscreenandidentifydifferentialproteins.Threedifferentialbandsinone-dimensionalelectrophoresiswereresolvedbyliquidchromatographyandmassspectrometryand14up-regulatedproteinswereidentified,includingcollagenα-1,α-2,α-3(VI),α-1(XIV)chain,actin,annexinA2,EMILIN-1,ferritinlightpolypeptidevariant,fucosyltransferase10,myosin-9,proteinS100-A9,KIAA1783protein,andtwohypotheticalproteins.Ourdataprovidesalistofpotentialbiomarkersforendometriosis.Theidentificationsmaybeusedtodevelopnewdiagnosesforendometriosis.