简介:AIM:Toadaptthelowvision-relatedqualityoflife(LVQOL)instrumentintoTurkishlanguageandtoassessitsvalidityandreliability.METHODS:Thestudywasconductedin387patientsattendingtheCentreofLowVisionRehabilitation,FacultyofMedicine,AnkaraUniversity.Forstatisticalanalyses,theSpearman’scorrelationcoefficient,Cronbach’salphacoefficientandConfirmatoryFactorAnalysis(CFA)wereused.RESULTS:AccordingtoresultsofCFA,theiteminthe'Adjustment'subscalebecauseofhavingthefactorloadingbelow0.40,wasexcludedfromthequestionnaire.ThereliabilityofthequestionnairewasassessedaccordingtoCronbach’salphacoefficients.Thereliabilityofthe'DistanceVision,Mobility,andLighting'subscalewas?琢=0.863;ofthe'Adjustment'subscalewas?琢=0.694;'ReadingandFineWork'was?琢=0.791,and'ActivitiesofDailyLiving'was?琢=0.770.Sotheseresultsindicatethatthequestionnaireisreliabletomeasurethevisionrelatedqualityoflifeoflow-visionpatients.Thecorrelationsbetweenthesubscaleswerealsoanalyzed,andthecorrelationbetween'Adjustment'and'ReadingandFineWork'wasfoundtobethelowest(rs=0.336,P<0.001),whereasthestrongestcorrelationwasfoundbetweenthe'ReadingandFineWork',and'ActivitiesofDailyLiving'.Additionally,the'Adjustment'dimensionshowedthestrongestcorrelationwithonly'DistanceVision,Mobility,andLighting'dimension.CONCLUSION:Afterremovingthelastitemintheseconddimension,theTurkishadaptationofalldimensionsoftheLVQOLhasbeenshowntobereliable,validandsuitableforuseinpatientswithlowvisioninTurkey.
简介:目的:评价图形视觉诱发电位(patternvisualevokedpotentials,P-VEP)、眼底照相、视野和光学相干断层扫描(opticalcoherencetomography,OCT)对青光眼患者检查的可靠性。方法:对83例95眼青光眼患者应用眼科电生理仪、眼底照相、视野和OCT,根据P-VEP、眼底照相、OCT、视野检查结果的阳性率进行相关性分析。结果:患者83例95眼中,视野检查成功获取阳性病例图像73眼(76.8%),无法获取图像22眼(23.2%);眼底照像成功获取阳性病例图像75眼(78.9%),无法获取图像20眼(21.1%);获得P-VEP阳性病例47眼(49.5%),未见明显异常26眼(27.3%),无法采集图像22眼(23.2%);成功获取OCT阳性病例图像81眼(85.3%),无法获取OCT图像14眼(14.7%)。结论:视觉诱发电位、眼底照相、视野和光学相干断层图像结果对青光眼患者的视功能状况进行综合评估。
简介:AIM:Toinvestigatethecharacteristicsandcriterionofgraftrejectioninmicemodel.METHODS:C57BL/6orBALB/cmicecornealgraftsweregraftedontoBALB/chosts.Eachgroupwasdividedintotwosubgroupsaccordingtothecornealopacityscores12daftertransplantation.Thecharacteristicsofopacityandneovascularizationwereobserved.Miceofthe12th,50thdayaftertransplantation,thegraftsbiopsyofmiceinallogeneicgroup1,whichopacityscoreexceed3,werepreparedforhistologicalobservationandthoserestoretransparentwereendothelialstained.RESULTS:Therewasnodifferenceofcornealopacityscoreonthe7thand12thdayafteroperation;thehistologicalresultshadnodisparitybetweensyngeneicgroupandallogeneicgroup.Onthe12thdayaftersurgery,theturbiditycurvewasapparentingraftswithopacityscore<2.Mononuclearcellswereshowningraftswithopacityscorereached3inallogeneicgroup1.Differentrejectionperformancewasobservedintissuesectionsonthe50thdayaftersurgery.CONCLUSION:Grafts,opacityscoreexceeds3fromthe7thtothe12thdayafteroperationcouldnotbejudgedasarejection.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontothevariationofgraftsopacitysince12daftercornealtransplantation.
简介:目的通过快速评估可避免盲系统评估四川省冕宁县50岁以上人群视力障碍的患病率和致残原因。方法在2011年6月至8月使用RAAB系统对四川省冕宁县50岁以上居民采用分层、整群随机抽样方法抽取2850人,根据人口比例,分为57个人群组,每个人群组人数为50人,每个人群组采用紧凑段抽样(compactsegmentsampling,CSS),当紧凑段抽样不可行时,采用配额抽样。使用简易视力卡检测视力,用便携式裂隙灯和直接检眼镜检查晶状体及眼底情况以明确导致视力残疾的原因。结果在冕宁县抽样调查的2850人中,2817人接受了检查(98.8%),参照1973年世界卫生组织(WorldHealthOrganization,WHO)视力损伤标准,共有视力残疾者537人,患病率为19.1%,其中盲111人,盲的患病率为3.9%(95%可信区间:3.2%-4.7%),严重视力损伤69人,其患病率2.4%(95%可信区间:1.8%-3.1%);视力损伤357人,其患病率12.7%(95%可信区间:10.5%-14.9%),其中可避免盲占87.4%。结论1.冕宁县50岁及以上人群盲的患病率为3.9%,严重视力损伤的患病率2.4%;视力损伤的患病率12.7%,其中可避免盲占87.4%。未经治疗的白内障仍然是该县最主要的致残原因。2.RAAB系统作为一种在人群中快速筛查可避免盲的调查方法,准确性好,简单实用、高效,重复性强。
简介:AIM:Anaerobicbacteriacancauseocularinfections.WetestedtheOxyPlateTMAnaerobicSystem(OXY)toisolatepertinentanaerobicbacteriathatcancauseoculardisease.METHODS:OXY,whichdoesnotrequiredirectanaerobicconditions(i.e.bags,jars),wascomparedtoconventionalisolationofincubatingculturemediainanaerobicbags.Standardcoloniescountswereperformedonanaerobicocularbacterialisolatesunderaerobicandanaerobicconditions(anaerobicbags)usingagarmedia:1)OXY(aerobiconly),2)5%sheepblood(SB),3)Chocolate,and4)Schaedler.Thebacteriatestedwerede-identifiedocularisolatesculturedfromendophthalmitisanddacryocystitisthatinclude10Propionibacteriumacnesand3Actinomycesspecies.Thecolonycountsforeachbacteriaisolate,oneachculturingcondition,wererankedfromlargesttosmallest,andnon-parametricallycomparedtodeterminethebestculturingcondition.RESULTS:Allanaerobicconditionswerepositiveforalloftheanaerobicisolates.SBandSchaedler’sagarunderaerobicconditionsdidnotsupportthegrowthofanaerobicbacteria.SparsegrowthwasnotedonchocolateagarwithPropionibacteriumacnes.Asananaerobicsystem,SBinananaerobicbagisolatedhighercolonycountsthanOXY(P=0.0028)andchocolateagar(P=0.0028).CONCLUSION:AlthoughOXYdidnottesttobemoreefficientthanotheranaerobicsystems,itappearstobeareasonablealternativeforisolatinganaerobicbacteriafromocularsites.Theuseofanagarmediuminaspeciallydesignedplate,withouttherequirementofananaerobicbag,renderedOXYasanadvantageoverotheranaerobicsystems.
简介:Thekeratoprosthesis(KPro;artificialcornea)isaspecialrefractivedevicetoreplacehumancorneabyusingheterogeneousformingmaterialsfortheimplantationintothedamagedeyesinordertoobtainacertainvision.Themainproblemsofartificialcorneaarethebiocompatibilityandstabilityofthetissueparticularlyinpenetratingkeratoplasty.Thecurrentstudiesoftissue-engineeredscaffoldmaterialsthroughcomprisingcompositesofnaturalandsyntheticbiopolymerstogetherhavedevelopedanewwaytoartificialcornea.Althoughawideagreementthatthelong-termstabilityofthesedeviceswouldbegreatlyimprovedbythepresenceofcorneacells,modificationofkeratoprosthesistosupportcorneacellsremainselusive.Mostofthestudiesoncornealsubstratematerialsandsurfacemodificationofcompositeshavetriedtoimprovethegrowthandbiocompatibilityofcorneacellswhichcannotonlyreducethestimulusofheterogeneousmaterials,butalsomoreimportantlycontinuousandstablecorneacellscanpreventthedestructionofcollagenase.Thenecrosisofstromaandspontaneousextrusionofthedevice,allowformaintenanceofaprecornealtearlayer,andplaytheroleofensuringagoodopticalsurfaceandresistingbacterialinfection.Asaresult,improvementincornealcellshasbeenthemainaimofseveralrecentinvestigations;someefforthasfocusedonbiomaterialforitswellbiologicalpropertiessuchaspromotingthegrowthofcorneacells.Thepurposeofthisreviewistosummarythegrowthstatusofthecornealcellsaftertheimplantationofseveralartificialcorneas.
简介:目的本文报道了12例同时性多灶性喉癌并通过分析其临床病理学特点,探讨多灶性喉癌的发生学来源.方法回顾性分析1991~2001年间我院行全喉切除术的12例同时性多灶性喉癌的TNM分期、肿瘤位置、大小、组织学类型、病理学分级以及病史等.结果同时性多灶性喉癌的发病率是1.4%(12/861).所有病理均为鳞状细胞癌.同一病例各病灶的组织学类型和病理学分级均相同.二病灶喉癌的发生率占总数的91.7%(11/12),仅一例为三病灶喉癌、67%(8/12)患者中二病灶分别位于双声带游离缘的对应处.3例(25%)有术前放疗史,1例术前曾行多次声带活检为不典型增生.所有病例术前均未诊断出多灶性.结论声门型同时性多灶性喉癌可能为单中心起源.腔内种植即声带振动时癌细胞从一侧声带游离缘种植到对侧接触损伤处,可能是喉癌多灶性的原因之一,放疗可能是多灶性喉癌的诱发因素.
简介:目的:探讨获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquredimmunodeficiencysyndrome,AIDS,简称艾滋病)发生视乳头病变的类型及其与CD4^+T淋巴细胞的关系。方法:回顾分析107例(214眼)艾滋病患者经眼底彩照及眼底荧光血管造影(fluoresceinangiography,FFA)检查确诊的视乳头病变患者,统计AIDS性视乳头病变的发生率及病变类型以及与CD^+T淋巴细胞数之间的关系。结果:107例(214跟)AIDS患者发生视乳头病变71眼,占33.2%;其中,前段缺血性视神经病变30眼,占42.2%(30/71);视盘水肿12眼,占16.9%(12/71);无体征性视神经病变29眼,占40.8%(29/71)。CD4^+T淋巴细胞≤50个/μ发生视乳头病变59眼,未发生视乳头病变75眼,发病率44.0%(59/134);CD^4+T淋巴细胞≥51个/μL发生视乳头病变12眼,未发生视乳头病变68眼,发病率15.0%(12/80)。经双侧检测统计:χ^2=19.042,P=0.000。说明组间具有显著差异性。结论:AIDS视乳头病变的类型呈多样性,且CD^4+T淋巴细胞数越少,发生视乳头病变的几率越大。
简介:目的分析4例儿童功能性失明病例,探讨其诊断与治疗。方法回顾分析门诊诊断为功能性失明的患者4例,其中男性1例,女性3例,年龄7—13岁,均为双眼患病。病史1周至1年。所有患儿均诉说视力下降,视力从数指至0.1,2例伴视野缺损。眼部、神经影像学及眼电生理检查均阴性,诊断为功能性失明。结果与家长及患儿解释不存在器质病变,视功能可以完全恢复,并辅以非特殊安慰剂治疗后,3例在2d内视力恢复到1.0,1例1周后视力恢复到1.0,视野扩大至正常。结论诊断功能性失明需排除眼及神经系统的器质性疾病。儿童功能性失明预后好。(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2008,8:21—23)