简介:ScanningElectronMicroscopyStudiesofYBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)SuperconductorsShaWei(沙维)(DepartmentofCivilEngineering,TheQueen′sUniversit...
简介:研究了AlTi5B1晶粒细化和冷却速率对AlSi7Cu3Mg二次合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。采用阶梯铸模在不同冷却速率下制备添加晶粒细化剂的合金,并利用金相和图像分析技术定量研究了合金的宏观组织和显微组织。研究结果表明,添加AlTi5B1后,整个铸件具有细小均匀的晶粒组织,且在慢速凝固区域效果更显著。当冷却速率增加时,少量细化剂就可使铸件获得细小均匀组织。另外,原材料中的Ti和B以杂质的形式存在,不足以形成有效的晶粒细化效果。利用阶梯铸造法的研究结果研究了重力半固模铸造16V汽油发动机气缸盖。Weibull统计结果表明,晶粒细化改善了合金的塑形变形行为,提高了铸件的可靠性。
简介:为改善La-Mg-Ni系A2B7型合金的电化学贮氢性能,在合金中添加一定量的Si元素,通过真空熔炼及退火处理的方法制备La0.8Mg0.2Ni3.3Co0.2Six(x=0-0.2)电极合金。研究Si元素的添加对合金结构及电化学贮氢性能的影响。结果表明,铸态及退火态合金均为多相结构,分别为Ce2Ni7型的(La,Mg)2Ni7相和CaCu5型的LaNi5相以及少量的残余相LaNi3。Si元素的添加没有改变合金的主相,但使得合金中的(La,Mg)2Ni7相减少而LaNi5相增加。添加Si显著地影响了合金的电化学性能。随着Si含量的增加,铸态及退火态合金的放电容量逐步降低,但循环稳定性却随着Si含量的增加而增强。此外,合金电极的高倍率放电性能、极限电流密度、氢扩散系数以及电化学交流阻抗谱的测试均表明合金的电化学动力学性能随着Si含量的增加先增加而后减小。
简介:Asameansofsurfacemodificationprocess,metalsurfacenanocrystallization(MSN)hasattractedwidespreadattentionandenjoyedagreatprospect.However,currentlylittleresearchiscarriedoutregardingMSNofweldedjoint.Theprocessesofhighenergyshotpeening(HESP)technologyandultrasonicimpacttreatment(UIT)werecarriedouttoachievejointsurfacenanocrystallization.ThegrainsizeofbeforeandaftertheweldedjointsurfacenanocrystallizationwerecomparativelyanalyzedwithX-raydiffractometer,thesurfacedeformationlayerthicknessofbeforeandaftertheweldedjointsurfacenanocrystallizationwerecomparativelyanalyzedwithopticalmicroscopy,thesurfacehardnessofbeforeandaftertheweldedjointsurfacenanocrystallizationwerecomparativelyanalyzedwithmicrohardnessmachine.TheresultsshowthatbothoftheprocessescanachieveweldedjointsurfacenanocrystallizationandtheweldafterHESPhavesmallergrainsize,largerdeformationlayerthicknessandhigherhardnessvaluesthanthoseafterUIT.However,HESPisrestrainedbytheshapesandsizesofweldingmaterials,sotheUITprocessispreferredtouseinthegeneralengineeringpracticalapplications.
简介:TiO2nanoparticleswithdifferentphasesarepreparedbyhydrolysisoftitaniumtetrabutoxideinthepresenceofHCl.ThecompositionandmicrostructureoftheresultingsamplesarestudiedbyXRDandTEM.TheseresultsshowthattherangeofparticlesizeofTiO2isfrom20to30nm.ThemechanismofTiO2photocatalysisreactionhasbeendiscussedextensively.PhotocatalyticactivitiesofnanometerTiO2arealsoevaluatedbydegradationofthecrystalvioletsolution.ExperimentalresultsindicatethatthesynergisticactionofH2O2andultrasonicwavegreatlyenhancesphoto-catalyticreactionofTiO2.
简介:Iron(Ⅲ)-dopednanostructureTiO2-coatedSiO2(TiO2/SiO2)particleswerepreparedusingthelayer-by-layeras-semblytechniqueandtheirphotocatalyticpropertywasstudied.TiO2colloidsweresynthesizedemployingthesol-gelmethodwithTiCl4asaprecursor.ThesampleswerecharacterizedbyFouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy(FTIR),SEM,EDS,XPS,andXRD.TheexperimentalresultsshowthatTiO2nanopowdersonthesurfaceofSiO2particlesarewelldistributed,theamountofTiO2isincreasedwiththeaddingofcoatinglayers,thepureanatase-TiO2coatinglayersaresynthesizedat500°C,andthephotocatalyticactivityofFe3+-dopedTiO2/SiO2ishigherthanthatofundopedTiO2/SiO2.
简介:钛及其合金常被用作牙科和骨植入材料。钛表面的仿生涂层可以改善其成骨性能。本文作者开发一种新型的、具有成骨作用的钛合金表面纳米复合涂层,为骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)的粘附、增殖和成骨分化提供自然环境。用静电纺丝法制备基于聚己内脂(PCL)、纳米羟基磷灰石(nHAp)和雷尼酸锶(SrRan)的纳米复合涂层。因此,涂覆在钛合金表面的涂层有4种,分别为PCL、PCL/nHAp、PCL/SrRan和PCL/nHAp/SrRan。采用EDS、FTIR、XRD、XRF、SEM、AFM、体外细胞毒性和血液相容性测试等技术评估涂层的化学性能、形貌和生物学性能。结果表明,纳米复合涂层具有细胞相容性和血液相容性,PCL/HAp/SrRan纳米复合纤维涂层具有最高的细胞活性。MSCs在纳米涂层上的成骨培养显示干细胞向成骨分化,碱性磷酸酶活性和矿化测试结果证实了这一点。研究结果表明,所制备的复合纳米涂层具有促进新骨形成和增强骨-植入体整合的潜力。
简介:Nb-24Ti-18Si-2Al-2Hf-4CrandNb-24Ti-18Si-2Al-2Hf-8Cralloyswerepreparedbyarcmeltinginawater-cooledcrucibleunderargonatmosphere.Microstructuralcharacteristicsandoxidationresistanceofthealloysat1250℃wereinvestigated.Theresultsshowthat,whentheCrcontentis4at%,themicrostructuresconsistof(Nb,Ti)_(ss)andNb_5Si_3;asCrcontentincreasesto8at%,C14LavesphaseCr_2Nbisformed.Theisothermaloxidationtestsshowthattheoxidationkineticsofthetwoalloysfollowsimilarfeatures.Theweightgainsofthetwoalloysafteroxidationat1250℃for100hare235.61and198.50mg·cm~(-2),respectively.Duringoxidation,SiO_2,TiO_2,Nb_2O_5andCrNbO_4areformedatfirst.Then,Ti_2Nb_(10)O_(29)isformedafteroxidationfor20minandbeginstochangeintoTiNb_2O_7astheoxidationproceeds.SiO_2isformedassolidstateatfirstbutlaterevolvesintoglassystatetoimprovethecohesionofthescale.Afteroxidationfor100h,oxidationproductsconsistofSiO_2,TiNb_2O_7,Nb_2O_5andCrNbO_4.