简介：ThetransgenicriceKMD1,expressingasyntheticCry1AbgenefromBacillusthuringiensis,showedeffectiveresistancetoSignificantdeclineswererevealedinfoodconsumptionandgrowthoftheolderRLFnymphsfedonthecut-leavesoftransgenicKMD1plants.TheincreaserateoffoodconsumptionbylarvaefedonKMD1wasdrasticallylowerthanthoseonXiushui11.FoodconsumptionwasvariedwithdifferentinstarswhenthelarvaefedontheBtrice.Thoseoffourth-andfifth-instarlarvaeweredifferentcomparedtothethird-instar,lowerthanthoseonthenon-transgenicricebutstillincreasedalittlewhenthefeedingtimeprolonged.ItisindicatedthatyoungerRLFlarvaearemoresensitivetoBtricethanolderones.Also,about81%,78%and68%ofthethird-,fourth-andfifth-instarRLFlarvaediedwithin72hoursbioassayperiodonKMD1leaves,respectively.TheseresultsdemonstratedthatBt-transgeneinKMD1riceconferssubstantialprotectionagainstinfestationswitholderRLFlarvae.

简介：Smallubiquitin-likemodifier(SUMO)-conjugatingenzymesareinvolvedinpost-translationalregulatoryprocessesineukaryotes,includingtheconjugationofSUMOpeptidestoproteinsubstrate(SUMOylation).SUMOylationplaysanimportantroleinimprovingplanttolerancetoabioticstresssuchassalt,drought,heatandcold.Herein,wereportedtheisolationofOsSCE1(LOC_Os10g39120)geneencodingaSUMO-conjugatingenzymefromrice(Oryzasativacv.Nipponbare)anditsfunctionalvalidationinresponsetodroughtstress.TheE2enzyme,OsSCE1,isoneofthreekeyenzymesinvolvedintheconjugationofSUMOtoitstargetproteins.ActivatedSUMOistransferredtothecysteineofanE2enzymeandthentothetargetlysineresidueofthesubstrate,withorwithoutthehelpofanE3SUMOligase.ExpressionofOsSCE1wasstronglyinducedbypolyethyleneglycol6000(PEG6000)treatment,whichsuggestedOsSCE1maybeinvolvedinthedroughtstressresponse.OverexpressionofOsSCE1(OsSCE1-OX)inNipponbarereducedthetolerancetodroughtstress.Conversely,thedroughttolerancewasslightlyimprovedbytheknockdownofOsSCE1(OsSCE1-KD).TheseresultswerefurthersupportedbymeasurementofprolinecontentinOsSCE1-OXandOsSCE1-KDtransgeniclinesunderinduceddroughtstress,whichshowedOsSCE1-KDtransgeniclinesaccumulatedhigherprolinecontentthanthewildtype,whereasOsSCE1-OXlinehadlowerprolinecontentthanthewildtype.ThesefindingssuggestedOsSCE1mayplayaroleasanegativeregulatorinresponsetodroughtstressinrice.

简介：Twonewlybredhybridricecombinations,superhigh-yieldingLiangyoupeijiu(Pei'ai64S×9311)andPei'ai64S/E32(Pei'ai64S×E32)wereusedtoinvestigatethephotosyntheticcharacteristicsunderhightemperatureincomparisonwithhybridriceShangyou63.Hightemperaturecausedadecreasedphotosyntheticefficiencyandaggravatedphotoinhibition.TheoptimumtemperatureforphotosyntheticelectrontransportationandphotosyntheticCO2fixationwereabout28℃and35-40℃respectively.Linearelectrontransportationismoresensitivetohightemperaturethanthephotochemicalprocess.Themechanismofhightemperatureadaptationwaspossiblyasfollows:superhigh-yieldingricehasquicklyincreasingcarotenoid,whichactedasamorefavorableantioxidantsystemtoreducetheactiveoxygenproductionandavoiddamagetothephotosynthesissystem;superhigh-yieldingricehasahigherefficiencyofxanthophyllscycletodissipateexcessheatenergy;superhigh-yieldingricehasamorestablephotosyntheticfunction,higherphotosyntheticefficiencyandmoreheatstableproteincontent.

简介：以便揭示在二CCDD染色体种，Oryzaalta和Oryzalatifolia之间的起源和进化关系，在situ杂交(鱼)的荧光被采用从O与C0t-1DNA分析二种的染色体。alta作为一根探针。Karyotype比较地也在O之间被分析。alta和O。latifolia基于他们杂交的类似的乐队模式发信号。在O之间有高相同和靠近的关系。alta和O。然而，在杂交之间的区别表明的latifolia也是清楚的。C0t-1DNA被证明是种类--并且染色体类型特定。C0t-1DNA鱼能是更有效的分析在不同种类之间的genomic关系，这被建议。根据在二allotetraploidy种之间的高度并且中等重复的DNA序列的比较分析，O。alta和O。latifolia，可能的起源和Oryza的allotetraploidy的进化机制被讨论。

简介：Riceblack-streakeddwarfvirus(RBSDV)isarecognizedmemberofthegenusFijivirus,familyReoviridae.Itsgenomehastendouble-strandedRNA(dsRNA)segments(S1-S10),inwhichthefifthgenomesegment(S5)containstwoopenreadingframes(ORFs)withapartiallyoverlappingregion.ThesecondORFofRBSDVS5encodesaviralnonstructuralproteinnamedp5bwithunknownfunction.Torevealthefunctionofp5b,itsgenewasligatedintothebaitplasmidpGBKT7andanexpressionlibrarycontainingricecDNAswasconstructedusingplasmidpGADT7foryeasttwo-hybridassay.Thebaitproteinp5bwasdetectedinyeastbywesternblot,andtheresultofanauto-activationtestshowedthatp5bcouldnotautonomouslyactivatetheexpressionofreportergenesinyeast.Thenthebaitproteinp5bwasusedforscreeningthecDNAexpressionlibrariesofrice.Genefragmentsofsomepivotalenzymesinvolvedinphotosynthesis,respirationandotherimportantmetabolicprocesses,wereidentifiedtointeractwithp5binyeast,suggestingthattheseinteractionsmayplayrolesinsymptomdevelopmentininfectedplants.

简介：在米饭的Phytochromes被由三个成员，PHYA，PHYB，和PHYC组成的一个基因家庭编码。通过以photomorphogenesis描绘phytochrome异种和野类型(WT)，单个phytochromes的角色preliminarily在调整米饭de青白化，flowering时间和富饶被探索了。然而，很少信息都没关于是否或怎么被报导phytochromes在米饭影响叶绿素生合成和叶绿体开发。在这研究，我们比较了野类型和phyA的叶绿素内容，在任何一个白人光(WL)下面成年或红的phyB和phyAphyB异种点亮(R)。结果建议phyB察觉R断然调整叶绿素生合成，当phyA的角色能仅仅在phyB缺乏的异种被检测时。涉及叶绿素生合成的基因的表示层次的分析表明phytochromes由调整protochlorophylloxidoreductaseA(PORA)影响了叶绿素生合成表示。在叶绿体开发的phyB的角色也被分析，并且结果建议phyB察觉R由影响叶绿体和grana的数字调整叶绿体开发，以及叶绿体膜系统。

简介：为了推进，改进高地大米变化Huhan3和Huhan7，种子样品为约1和5d与二艘可重获的飞船被送到外层空间并且分别地为7和5代被宣传。Phenotypic分析表明词法特点和蛋白质和谷物的直链淀粉内容变化了。由联系基因的简单顺序重复(SSR)和插入删除(InDel)的genomic变化的描述标记显示变化模式是很复杂的。大多数变化在简单顺序重复碎片发生在碎片的3结束或5结束。反向的抄写聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)试金证明在SSR的那些部分的变化影响了他们的基因表示，显示那基因联系了标记将有用孤立功能的基因。为繁殖的地调查也表明有高产量，高质量和干旱忍耐的更多的线能通过太空繁殖被选择。结果显示太空mutagenesis为米饭繁殖导致了分子的变化，以及生理、词法的变化。

简介：Themajorstoragesubstanceinriceendospermisstarch,whichaccountsfor80%ofdrymatterweight.Inthisstudy,ricemutantflo7,selectedfromtheprogenyofNipponbare’stissueculture,displayedflouryandopaqueendosperm.Comparedwithitscorrespondingwildtype(WT)Nipponbare,themutantflo7producedlonger,narrower,thinnerandlightergrains.Thelevelsofglucose,fructoseandsucroseinthemutantflo7endospermwerehigherthanthoseintheWTendosperm,whereastheproteincontentwasnotaffected.Withrespecttobothamylosecontentandgelconsistency,themutantflo7waslowerthanWT,butitsalkalivaluewashigher.Scanningelectronmicroscopicexaminationsshowedthattheendospermofthemutantflo7containedirregular,looselypackedandcompoundstarchgranules.Geneticanalysisindicatedthatthemutantphenotypewasdeterminedbyasinglerecessivenucleargene.Theflo7locuswasmappedtoaregiononthelongarmofchromosome12,withina95.1kbintervaldefinedbythemarkersC2-11andC5-15.Thereare13openreadingframesinthemappinginterval.Transcriptionprofilingofthedevelopinggrainsshowedthatanumberofgenesinvolvedinstarchsynthesiswereaffecteddifferentlyinthemutantflo7.

简介：SulfatecanbeactivatedbyATPsulfurylaseandadenosine5’-phosphosulfatekinase(APSK)invivo.RecentstudiessuggestedthatAPSKinArabidopsisthalianaregulatedthepartitionbetweenAPSreductionandphosphorylationanditsactivitycanbemodulatedbycellularredoxstatus.InordertostudyregulationofAPSKinrice(OsAPSK),OsAPSK1genewasclonedanditsactivitywasanalyzed.OsAPSK1C36andC69werefoundtobetheconservedcounterpartsofC86andC119,whichinvolvedindisulfideformationinAtAPSK.C36A/C69AOsAPSK1doublemutationwasmadebysitedirectedmutagenesis.OsAPSK1anditsmutantwereprokaryoticallyover-expressedandpurified,andthenassayedforAPSphosphorylationactivity.OsAPSK1activitywasdepressedbyoxidizedglutathione,whiletheactivityofitsmutantwasnot.Furtherstudiesinthecasethatoxidativestresswillfluctuateinvivo3’-phosphoadenosine-5’-phosphosulfatecontent,andallAPSKisoenzymeshavesimilarregulationpatternsarenecessarytobeperformed.

简介：为在米饭的壳硅内容的QTLqHUS6以前位于米饭染色体6的短手臂。由使用在在一个isogenic背景怀有qHUS6的RM587RM19784区域分离的一张F2:3人口，为壳硅内容的二QTL被检测，哪个qHUS6-1在对着丝点近似的区域位于远侧的区域和qHUS6-2。在目标区域带小异质接合的片断的三米饭植物被选择，哪个二盖住qHUS6-1区域，其它盖住qHUS6-2区域。三张F2:3人口分别地从三植物的selfed种子被导出。印射的QTL用在qHUS6-1区域分离的二张人口被执行，并且qHUS6-1被标记RM510和RM19417限定到147.0-kb区域flanked。有在qHUS6-2区域的不同genotypic作文的五组F3线从另外的F2:3人口被选择。二QTL用双向ANOVA，qHUS6-2a位于RM19706RM19795和qHUS6-2b在间隔RM314RM19665定义的间隔被分开。

简介：Moleculardesignbreedingisoneofstraightforwardapproachestobreakyieldbarriersinrice.Inthisstudy,GW6geneforgrainlengthandwidthfromBaodaliwastransferredintoanindicarecurrentparent9311andajaponicavarietyZhonghua11(ZH11)usingmarker-assistedbackcross(MAB).Oneandthreeintrogressionlineswereselectedforphenotypicanalysisfrom9311andZH11geneticbackgrounds,respectively.SSL-1,animproved9311nearisogeniclinewithGW6performed11%,19%and6.7%higherofgrainlength,1000-grainweightandsingleplantyield,respectively,ascomparedwith9311.AllthethreeimprovedZH11-GW6lines,R1,R2andR3,hadmorethan30%increaseingrainweightandabout7%higheringrainyield.SeedplumpnessofR1,R2andR3wasimprovedsynchronouslybecausethethreeZH11-GW6linescontainedGIF1(GrainIncompleteFilling1),adominantgrainfillinggene.Thus,GW6hashighpotentialinincreasingtheyieldofinbredlinesthroughMAB,makingitanimportantgeneticresourceinsuperhybridricebreeding.ThisstudyprovidesinsightsintheutilizationofGW6forlargegrainandhighyieldricebreedingviamoleculardesignbreeding.

简介：盆栽试验被进行学习不同的氮应用程序时间的效果(在期间直到ering或孕穗期)与一样，氮在颖果开发和米饭变化Yangdao6的谷物质量评价。增加的氮肥(脲)，特别在孕穗期期间适用，能显然增加milled，雪白大米率和蛋白质与控制(没有氮申请)相比在米饭满足谷物，并且减少白垩的谷物率和直链淀粉内容。而且，增加的氮肥显著地影响了颖果发展并且当氮适用在期间时，提高了粒重直到ering和孕穗期，特别在孕穗期期间。在颖果开发期间，增加的氮肥适用在期间直到ering和孕穗期能显然减少全部的淀粉和直链淀粉内容，然而并非显然为在米饭的胶淀粉内容谷物。氮肥的增加的顶肥，特别在孕穗期期间适用，在amyloplasts和proteinoplasts的发展和结构的有的重要效果。也就是说，它能改变分发，数并且amyloplasts和proteinoplastsin塑造特别在谷物腹部的内乳房间。与控制相比，amyloplasts和proteinoplasts的安排各是更靠近的，与更多的数字，更高的密度和更少的间隙星际ohter。而且，大多数amyloplasts在增加的氮肥水平下面显示出多面体。

简介：Aricepopulationconsistingof90TN1/GulyiguF3lineswasemployedtoanalyzethelinkagebetweenDNAmarkersandanewgeneWbph6(t)conferringresistancetowhitebackedplanthopper,Sogatellafurcifera.Byusingthemappingapproachofbulkedextremesandrecessiveclass,Wbph6(t)wasmappedontotheshortarmofchromosome11withageneticdistanceof21.2cMtoSSLPmarkerRM167.

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简介：与较普通活字大一倍的杂交稻Yangliangyou6(YLY6)和Liangyoupeijiu(LYPJ)，andthree线杂交稻Shanyou63(SY63)作为与谷物充满联合的材料，来源，水池和流动特征被调查。种子背景率，谷物充满度和YLY6和SY63的谷物产量比LYPJ的那些显著地高。在YLY6和SY63的灰煤杆和鞘的事的出口和转变百分比比LYPJ的那些显著地高。在谷物的蔗糖synthase，腺苷diphosphoglucosepyrophosphorylase，淀粉synthase和淀粉分叉酶的活动比为LYPJ为YLY6andSY63是更高的，并且很显著地与充满率，吝啬的谷物充满率，谷物充满度和粒重的最大的谷物被相关。每维管束的区域和YLY6和SY63的韧皮部的小穗状花小穗数字，谷物收益和全部的水池负担是比LYPJ的那些显著地小的，并且越大，越多并且越多降低种子背景率负担更差的谷物充满。交通率每YLY6的区域韧皮部比LYPJ或SY63的大。Theresults建议YLY6拥有强壮的来源，大水池活动和有效流动，它为它充满的高种子背景率和好谷物放了一个生理的底。

简介：Themajormatesterilegenesinanewphoto/thermo-sensitivegenicmalesterile(PTGMS)lineB06Sofricewereanalyzedbythemanipulationofmixturedistributiontheory.TheresultsindicatedthatapairofmajormalesterilenucleargeneswithlargeeffectswereresponsibleforcontrollingthemalesterilityofB06S.

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