简介：放射治疗是许多头颈部肿瘤的有效治疗,随着放疗技术的改进,肿瘤得到较好的控制,头颈部肿瘤尤其是鼻咽癌放疗后的5年生存率明显提高.生存期的延长,生存质量越来越受到重视,本文就听觉系统的放射损伤与防治的有关文献进行综述.

简介：资料病例1男性,65岁。因右侧鼻腔流臭脓涕8个月,门诊以＂右全组鼻窦炎＂收入院。2年前因鼻咽癌（T3N1M0）行60Co放射治疗（以下简称放疗）,剂量为70Gy。CT扫描显示：右侧鼻腔、上颌窦、筛窦密度增高,上颌窦内侧壁骨质吸收（图1）。根据病史、症状、体征,结合影像学检查,诊断为右侧全组鼻窦炎,拟行鼻内镜手术。手术在全身麻醉下进行。

简介：<正>赵××,男,32岁。左眼钝挫伤,1997年5月10日夜11时于伤后1小时来我院急诊。主诉于当日夜间宴会上饮酒过多,有醉意后头撞在门上损伤左眼。伤时左眼剧痛,流出"热泪"和血水,视力丧失。既往于4年前曾在找市某医院请俄罗斯医生施行双

简介：0引言放射状角膜切开术（radialkeratotomy，RK）最早见于19世纪末期的眼科文献，1974／1979年前苏联Fyodorov对这一手术的发展做出了巨大的贡献，获得了满意的矫正效果，在世界各地发展较快，1978年传入我国。目前该手术由于预测性差、易出现术中术后并发症等，已基本被淘汰。

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheregulationofEaf2proteininmouselenscellsapoptosisinducedbyultraviolet(UV)radiation.METHODS:AneyeofEaf2geneknockoutmiceornormalcontrolmicewasexposedtoUVradiation,andtheotheronewasnon-exposed.AlloflenseswereanalyzedbyTUNELandcaspase3activityassaystodeterminethedifferenceoftheapoptosisinducedbyUVradiation.Inaddition,exposedandnon-exposedlenseswereanalyzedbyquantifiedp53expressionandreal-timereversetranscription-polymerasechainreaction(RT-PCR)ofBax,Bid,Apaf-1,PumaandNoxa,tocompareEaf2geneknockoutmiceandnormalcontrolmice.RESULTS:UVradiationcausedapoptosisoflenscellsinnormalcontrolmiceandEaf2knockoutmice.Activityofcaspase3wassignificantlyhigherinnormalcontrolmicethanEaf2knockoutmice.Expressionofp53proteinwassignificantlyhigherinlensesexposedtoUVradiationthannonexposedlenses,butwassimilarbetweenEaf2geneknockoutmiceandnormalcontrolmiceinthesameUVcondition.AfterexposingtoUVradiation,theanalysisofreal-timeRT-PCRdemonstratedthatmRNAlevelsofPumaandNoxaweresignificantlyhigherinlensesofnormalcontrolmicethanEaf2geneknockoutmice,andthatmRNAlevelsofBax,BidandApaf-1werenotsignificantlydifferentbetweengeneknockoutmiceandnormalcontrolmice.CONCLUSION:Eaf2increaseslenscellsapoptosisinducedbyultravioletradiation.AndEaf2up-regulatesexpressionofthePumaandtheNoxatoactonlenscellsapoptosisafterUVradiation.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethediffusioncharacteristicsofwaterofopticnerveandopticradiationinhealthyadultsanditsrelatedfactorsbydiffusiontensorimaging（DTI）at3T.METHODS:Atotalof107healthyvolunteersperformedheadconventionalMRIandbilateralopticnerveandopticradiationDTI.TheprimarydataofDTIwasprocessedbypost-processingsoftwareofDTIstudio2.3,obtainingfractionalanisotropyvalue,meandiffusivityvalue,principalenginevalue,orthogonalenginevaluebymeasuring,andanalyzedbytheSPSS13.0statisticalsoftware.RESULTS:Thebilateralopticnerveandopticradiationfiberspresentedgreencolorindirectionalencodedcolor（DEC）mapsandpresentedhighsignalinfractionalanisotropy（FA）maps.TheFAvalueoftheleftopticnervewas0.598±0.069andtherightwas0.593±0.065;themeandiffusivity（MD）valueoftheleftopticnervewas（1.324±0.349）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（1.312±0.350）x10-3mm2/s;theprincipalenginevalue(λ?)oftheleftopticnervewas（2.297±0.522）×10-4mm2/sandtherightwas（2.277±0.526）×10-3mm2/s;theorthogonalenginevalue（λ⊥）oftheleftopticnervewas（0.838±0.285）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（0.830±0.280）×10-3mm2/s;theFAvalueoftheleftopticradiationwas0.636±0.057andtherightwas0.628±0.056;themeandiffusivity（MD）valueoftheleftopticradiationwas（0.907±0.103）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（0.889±0.125）×10-3mm2/s;theprincipaleigenvalue(λⅡ)oftheleftopticradiationwas（1.655±0.210）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（1.614±0.171）×10-3mn2/s;theorthogonalenginvalue（λ⊥）oftheleftopticradiationwas（0.531±0.103）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（0.524±0.152）×10-3m