简介:通过对西北地区明清时期史料的系统查阅,收集到1500—1910年西北地区沙尘天气记录年份137个,最终确定沙尘天气最终数量为250次。分析发现,1500—1910年西北地区的沙尘天气呈波动之势,其中17、19世纪沙尘天气频发态势明显;季节以春季为多;空间分布以甘肃河西走廊、陇东、宁夏北部和南部、陕北、关中一带沙尘记载较多,其中以甘肃民勤为最;沙尘天气与气温的反相关明显,与气候干湿变化的关系在河西地区需要进一步研究,在陕西地区有较为明显的相关性。
简介:摘要:1910年长春遭受突如其来的鼠疫,鼠疫类型短时间无法辨别,且传播速度快,致死率高,疫情形势十分严峻,恐慌和紧张气氛充斥整个社会。长春社会各界采取了一系列举措来应对鼠疫,并取得了一定的成就。但就其实施结果来看,仍然存在防疫失当行为。本文针对1910-1911年长春鼠疫防疫失当的表现分析其原因,并提出改进措施。
简介:Twain describes a town that had been famous for its honesty". In the end,when his daughters were young and he was prospering. His The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was a story about "bad boys,"I see no great difference between a man and a watch
简介:Twain describes a town that had been famous for its honesty". In the end,when his daughters were young and he was prospering. His The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was a story about "bad boys,"I see no great difference between a man and a watch
简介:在1910-1911年东北鼠疫中,哈尔滨是疫情最严重的地区和传播中心,中俄在此围绕防疫的交涉也不断升级。为化解危机,外务部派伍连德等医学专家到哈尔滨调查疫情并协助防疫。在疫情不断蔓延和俄方越俎代庖的双重压力下,经外务部和东北地方政府反复折冲,伍连德始被任命为"哈尔滨防疫局全权总医官";又历经法、英医生争权风波后,伍连德获得中国各级政府一致支持,领导哈尔滨防疫局制定和实施了诸如断绝交通、焚烧尸棺及染疫房屋、隔离检验等防疫措施。哈尔滨"全权总医官"的授予和具体职责的行使,是一个交织着中外各方、中央和地方、中西医学,以及官、绅、医之间的矛盾、妥协与合作的复杂过程,也呈现出清末东北地区在传染病冲击下的复杂历史面相。
简介:Inthelate19thandtheearly20thcentury,withexpandingindustrialismandurbanisation,theideaofthenationstategrewstronginSweden.Inthisnationalisticenvironment,natureandthenaturalsciencesassumedanimportantunifyingrole.Thesearchfornaturalresourcesandsourcesofenergyinspiredpoliticalsupportandresearch.Theexploitationofnaturewaslookeduponasaprerequisiteforthemodernizationofthecountry,andindeedwastobecomethebasisforSweden'swelfare.Itwasunderthesecircumstancesthat,in1906,the11thIGCwasinvitedtoStockholmin1910.ArequestforaGovernmentgrantfocusedontheinternationaldevelopmentofsciencebutalsostressedthenationalimportance.Swedenhad,itwassaid,itsrankingpositionamongnationstodefend,toupholditspositionamongcivilizednations,andtomaintainitsdistinguishedtraditioninthespheresofnaturalsciencesandminingoperations.ThemaintopicsoftheCongresswereironoreresources,post-glacialclimatechange,glacialerosion,theCambrianfauna,geologyofthePrecambrian,andgeologyofthepolarregions.Threeexhibitionsand24excursionswerearranged,and41guidebooksprinted.Thenumberofmemberspresentwas625,from37countriesandsixcontinents.Thefinalcostforarrangingthe11thIGCwasSEK125,000(approximately∈540,000today).AnovelexperienceinthetraditionoftheIGCswastheworld-wideinquiriesabouttheresourcesofironoreandaboutclimatechange.Suchthematic,worldwideinvestigationssubsequentlycametoattracttheattentionofmanyIGCs.ApropositiontoestablishacommissionforthepublicationofaninternationalstratigraphicdictionarywasapprovedbytheCongress,andasubcommissionwassetupwithcommissionersfromtencountries,butitwasnotuntil1956thatthefirstvolumesofLexiqueStratigraphiqueInternationalappeared.FromaSwedishpointofview,theCongresscompelledSwedishgeologiststocarryoutaninventoryoftheresultsofSwedishgeologicalr
简介:一、生平:巴伯六岁开始学钢琴,七岁学作曲,同时也学点大提琴。他少年时期的作品,是一部短歌剧《玫瑰树》(TheRoseTree)。该剧曾由巴伯和他的妹妹演出过。从这一早期的尝试可以看出巴伯开始对声乐有所偏爱。作为一位成熟的作曲家,声乐作品是他的作品中一个重要的领域。在这方面,巴伯得到他的姨父和姨母的支持和鼓励。他的姨母,露伊斯·霍麦尔,是位女低音歌手。他的姨父,西内·霍麦尔,是位歌曲作家,并且几乎把他自己所有的精力都投入到歌曲创作上(1943年,巴伯曾编辑了一本霍麦尔歌曲集,献给他的姨父)。巴伯十几岁时曾在威敏斯特的普里斯比特林教堂任管风琴手,