简介:Despitethehnpactofhighly-activemltiretroviraltherapy(HAART),manifestedasmarkedreductionsintheincidenceofopwrtunistieinfectionsinthelast5,years,respiratoryproblemsstillconstituteamajorburdenofdiseaseinthoseinfectedwithHIV.ReasonsforthisincludethelimitedavailabilityofHAART.worldwide,thefailureofsustainedviralsuppressioninupto50%ofpatientstakingHAART,failureofprophylaxisforspecificopportunisticinfectiorrs,andanincreasingnumberofpatientspresentingwithpreviouslymldiagnosedadvancedHIVinfection.
简介:摘要目的探讨艾滋病(AIDS)患者合并外科疾病手术治疗的安全性。方法回顾性分析196例AIDS合并外科疾病的临床资料和处理方法。结果AIDS合并外科疾患患者中196例经手术治疗后不同程度地好转和治愈。结论AIDS合并外科疾病时及时的手术治疗对患者是安全和有益的。CD4水平低下并不是手术的绝对禁忌证,围手术期淋巴结病理活检、骨髓穿刺等侵入性手术操作可获得明确的机会感染诊断,合理及时的手术治疗是挽救部分AIDS病人合并外科疾病唯一有效的方法。
简介:摘要目的探讨AIDS患者应用出院计划服务的效果评价.方法将60例AIDS患者分为观察组和对照组各30例,观察组实施出院计划服务,对照组接受常规护理和随访,分别在出院后1、3、6个月进行简易应对问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)进行测量.对两组在出院6个月时的测量结果进行比较.结果护理干预期间两组患者住院天数、住院总费用比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组护理干预后简易应对问卷积极应对维度评分明显提高,消极应对维度评分明显降低;焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评分差明显高于对照组,两组比较差异有极显著统计学意义(P<0.01).应用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表对两组干预后的生存质量进行评分,观察组评分明显高于对照组,两组比较差异有极显著统计学意义(P<0.01).结论出院计划服务可以明显降低AIDS患者焦虑、抑郁情绪,使其采用积极的应对方式应对各种问题,生存质量明显提高.关键词AIDS;出院计划;生存质量;护理TheEffectoftheApplicationofDischargePlanningServicesofAIDSPatientsLIUQin,LVMinglei,CHENGWenfang(HospitalforinfectiousdiseasesofXinxiangMunicipality,XinxiangHenan,453000)AbstractObjectiveStudyandevaluatetheeffectoftheapplicationofdischargeplanningservicesofAIDSpatients.MethodsDivide60AIDSpatientsinGtoobservationgroupandcontrolgroupwith30casesrespectively.Observationgroupwasimplementedofdischargeplanningservices,andthecontrolgroupwasacceptedroutinenursingcareandfollow-up.Simplecopingquestionnaire,self-evaluationofanxietyscale(SAS),depressionselfratingscale(SDS),theworldhealthorganizationqualityoflifemeasurementscaleprofile(WHOQOL-BREF)weremeasuredaftertheydischargedforone,threeandsixmonthsrespectiveGly.Themeasurementresultsofthetwogroupsaftertheydischargedforsixmonthswerecompared.ResultsDuringthenursinginterventionperiod,thehospitaliGzationtimeandcostofthetwogroupshavenostatisticallysignificantdifference(P>0.05);afternursinginterventiontheobservationgrouphasincreasedsignifiGcantlyinpositivecopingdimensionanddecreaseddramaticallyinnegativecopingdimensionofthesimplecopingquestionnaire;anxietyself-assessmentscale,deGp(ressionselfratingscaleareapparentlyhigherthanthatofthecontrolgroup,andcomparativedifferencesofthetwogroupshavestatisticalsignificantdifferenceP<0.01).Afteranalyzingandgradingthelifequalityofthetwogroupsafterinterventionwiththeshortformofthequalityoflifemeasurementscaleofworldhealthorganization,observationgroupwasobviouslyhigherthanthatofcontrolgroup,andthecomparativedifferencesofthetwogroupshavedistinctivestatistiGcalsignificance(P<0.01).ConclusionThedischargeplanningservicescanobviouslyreduceanxietyanddepressionofAIDSpatients,andletthemtoadoptapositivKeeywawyotrodsdealwithvariousproblems,increasethelifequalityobviously.AIDS;DischargePlanning;LifeQuality;NursingCare中图分类号R494文献标识码B文章编号1001-5302(2015)09-0856-02
简介:摘要目的了解某地的HIV/AIDS患者的生存时间,为改善患者的生活质量,延长生存期提供科学依据。方法应用回顾性调查的方法,对本辖区内2168例治疗和随访的HIV/AIDS患者,采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,应用Cox比例风险模型进行多因素回归分析。结果2168例HIV/AIDS患者50%生存率为3.40年,在9年处死亡风险最高,达90%;未治疗病人的生存期平均估计值为2.61年,治疗病人的生存年限平均估计值为4.01年,两组间的生存时间存在着显著差异(X2=186.01,P<0.05);男性病人的生存期平均估计值为3.68年,女性病人的生存年限平均估计值为3.62年,两组间的生存时间无显著差异(X2=0.961,P>0.05);HIV感染者的生存期平均估计值为3.47年,艾滋病病人的生存年限平均估计值为3.92年,两组间的生存时间存在显著差异(X2=8.282,P<0.05);Cox多因素分析,抗病毒治疗是延长生存期的重要因素(X2=19.386,P<0.05)。结论全面免费抗病毒治疗效果明显,高效逆转录抗病毒治疗(HAVART)是延长艾滋病病人生命、提高生活质量的有效方法。
简介:摘要艾滋病即获得性免疫缺陷综合症(aquiredimmunodeficiencysyndrome,AIDS),是由一种因人类免疫缺陷病毒HIV特异地侵犯并毁损CD4+T淋巴细胞造成机体细胞免疫功能缺陷,最后发生各种严重机会性感染或肿瘤。本病自1981年被发现至今已有20余年,病死率极高,对社会、家庭造成极大影响,据WHO估计,目前全球HIV感染者3320万人(其中亚洲500万人),现以每6—10个月递增1倍的速度增加。此病病情重,病程长,治疗效果不稳定,用药种类较多,长期迁延,很多患者严重耐药,经济负担重。给患者和亲属造成很大心理影响和经济、精神负担。因此,了解AIDS患者心理状况,采用有效的心理护理,予以适当人文关怀,对减轻患者痛苦,提高生存质量有重要意义。
简介: 获得性免疫功能缺陷综合征(acquiredimmuneodeficiencysyndrome,AIDS)亦称艾滋病,这个幽灵自闯入全世界人类的生活以来,通过性行为(尤其是同性恋者)、输血及使用血液制品、静脉注射毒品和母婴传播等途径的播散而泛滥于全球,人类与AIDS的斗争愈演愈烈. ……
简介:AIDSassociatedmalignancies(ARL)isamajorcomplicationassociatedwithAIDSpatientsuponimmunosuppression.Chronicallyimmunocompromisedpatientshaveamarkedlyincreasedriskofdevelopinglymphoproliferativedisease.Intheeraofpotentantiretroviralstherapy(ARV),themalignantcomplicationsduetoHIV-1infectionhavedecreasedindevelopednationswhereARVisadministered,butstillposesamajorproblemindevelopingcountrieswhereHIV-1incidenceishighandARVisstillnotyetwidelyavailable.EveninARVtreatedindividualsthereisaconcernthattheprolongedsurvivalofmanyHIV-1carriersislikelytoeventuallyresultinanincreasednumberofmalignanciesdiagnosed.MalignanciesthatwerefoundtohavehighincidenceinHIV-infectedindividualsareKaposi'ssarcoma(KS),Hodgkin'sdisease(HD)andnon-Hodgkin'slymphoma(NHL).TheincidenceofNHLhasincreasednearly200foldinHIV-positivepatients,andaccountsforagreaterpercentageofAIDSdefiningillnessintheUSandEuropesincetheadventofHAARTtherapy.TheseAIDSrelatedlymphomasaredistinctfromtheircounterpartsseeninHIV-1seronegativepatients.ForexamplenearlyhalfofallcasesofARLareassociatedwiththepresenceofagammaherpesvirus,EpsteinBarrvirus(EBV)orhumanherpesvirus-8(HHV-8)/Kaposi'ssarcomaassociatedherpesvirus(KSHV).ThepathogenesisofARLsiscomplex.B-cellproliferationdrivenbychronicantigenemiaresultingintheinductionofpolyclonalandultimatelymonoclonallymphoproliferationmayoccurinthesettingofsevereimmunosuppression.
简介:摘要总结1例原发性肝癌、AIDS患者并发大量腹水的护理。提出采用芒硝、冰片外敷神阙穴可有效减轻肝癌患者腹胀症状。同时对该患者在做好消毒隔离的基础上,加强病情观察、对症护理,效果满意。
简介:目的1.评估Trizivir^TM(AZT+3TC+ABC,TZV)治疗中国HIV/AIDS患者的疗效和安全性;2.HIV/AIDS患者的依从性;3.考察中国社区内HIV/AIDS患者服用固定剂量三联片治疗的可行性。方法80例HIV/AIDS患者进入治疗组。是一项单中心、开放式、无对照的临床试验。患者接受36个月的治疗,在治疗1,2,3,4,5,6,9,12,18,24,30和36个月按时到门诊随访。结果57例(71.3%)患者完成36个月治疗随访,23例(28.7%)在治疗过程中因药物不良反应、机会性感染复发、依从性不好或治疗失败而退出。57例治疗36个月后,CD4+T淋巴细胞计数平均增加252/μL,93.0%的患者显示病毒载量〈400拷贝/mL。在36个月的治疗期间,有4例患者出现耐药。结论TZV抗病毒效果显著,对于病毒载量〉500000拷贝/mL的患者也有很好的效果,CD4+T淋巴细胞计数均显示明显增加。TZV不良反应较少,与其他药物的相互作用较少,服用方便,患者服药依从性好,对某些患者尤其有毒瘾者不失为一种可以选用的治疗方案。
简介:Objective:ToincorporatestudentsandotherlocalcommunitypartnersincreatingacollaborativeNanjingWorldAIDSDayexhibition.Background:StigmaanddiscriminationcontinuetocomplicateeffectiveWorldAIDSDayactivitiesinChina.IncludingforeignstudentsinWorldAIDSDaycampaignsbroadensthepotentialChineseaudienceaswellasmakingthegovernment'sAIDSpoliciesmoretransparent.Methods:Inordertobroadenthepotentialaudience,relevantmedia(television,radio,newspaper)werenotifiedofthe2003NanjingWorldAIDSDayExhibition.TheexhibitionrepresentedauniquecollaborationbetweenNanjingUniversityandtheChineseNationalCenterforSTDandLeprosyControl,dependingonforeignandChinesestudentsatseverallevels.Inaddition,closecontactsattheJiangsuProvincialHealthBureauhelpedtocoordinatelocalexpertsanddistributionofcondoms.Results:Thismulti-disciplinarycooperativeexhibitionwassuccessfullycompleted.Severalmajormediasourcescoveredtheevent.Conclusions:ThesuccessofthiscampaignsuggeststhatotherurbancitieswithsignificantforeignstudentpopulationscouldbenefitfromincludingforeignandChinesestudentsinfutureWorldAIDSDaycampaignactivities.