简介：Theoretical–computationalstudiesoftable-toplaser-drivennuclearfusionofhigh-energy(upto15MeV)deuteronswith7Li,6Li,andDnucleidemonstratetheattainmentofhighfusionyieldswithinasource–targetreactiondesign.ThisconstitutesasourceofCoulomb-explodingdeuteriumnanodropletsdrivenbyanultraintensefemtosecondnear-infraredlaserandasolidhollowcylindricaltargetcontainingthesecondelement.Thesource–targetreactiondesignattainsthehighesttable-topfusionefficiencies(upto4×109J1perlaserpulse)obtainedtodate.Thehighestconversionefficiencyoflaserenergytonuclearenergy(102–103)fortable-topDDfusionattainedinthesource–targetdesigniscomparabletothatforDTfusioncurrentlyaccomplishedfor‘bigscience’inertialfusionsetups.

简介：Recentlytheproject'Developmentofpackagetechnologyforregenerationofstyrenethroughextractivedistillationofpyrolysisgasoline(STED)'undertakenjointlybytheSINOPECResearchInstituteofPetroleumProcessing(RIPP)andotherinstitutionshaspassedtheappraisalheldinBeijing.Theexpertgroupattendingtheappraisal

简介：Objective:Laser-inducedCoulombexplosionofgoldnanoparticlesforbreastcancerhasbeenstudiedbynanophotolysistechnique.Thisstudyaimedtoinvestigatewhetherlaser-inducedbubbleformationduetoCoulombexplosioncanprovideaneffectiveapproachforselectivedamageofbreastcancerwithgoldnanoparticles.Method:Numericalmethodinvolveslaser-inducedCoulombexplosionofgoldnanoparticles.Differentparametersrelatedtonanophotolysissuchaslaserfluence,tumordepth,clusterradius,laserpulseduration,andbubbleformationisstudiednumerically.NumericalsimulationwasperformedusingMatlab.Results:Thegoldnanoparticlesof10,20,30,40,and50nminradiuscouldpenetrateintotumor1.14,1.155,1.189,1.20and1.22cmindepthrespectively.Themaximumpenetrationdepthintumorcouldbeobtainedwithnanoparticlesof50nmradius.Shortlaserpulseof40nswithnanoparticlesof10nmradiuscouldpenetrateintotumor1.14cmindepth.Bubbleswitharadiusof9μmcouldeffectivelykillbreastcancercellswithoutdamaginghealthyones.Thebubbleradiusincreasedfrom4to9μmwithanincreaseinpulsedurationintherangeof10to30ns.Conclusions:Goldnanoparticleswithincreasingradiusandbubbleformationforselectivedamageofbreastcancercellsaresuccessfullyprobed.Thepresentcalculatedresultsarecomparedwithotherexperimentalfindings,andgoodcorrelationisfoundbetweenthepresentworkandpreviousexperimentalvalues.Itwasdemonstratedthatbubbleformationintumormayfurtherincreasetheefficacyofbreastcancertreatment.

简介：AseriesofCoMo/Al2O3catalystsforselectivehydrodesulfurization(HDS)ofgasolinewerestudiedwithRamanspectroscopy,apowerfulmethodthatcreatesspecifcsignalsforthestatesandthedistributionsofoxidicprecursorsandsulfdedactivephases.ThehighertheMoandCo,thelowerthetetrahedrallycoordinatedmolybdate,andthehigherthepolymolybdate.ButtheamountofpolymolybdatedecreasedwhenCoMoO4appeared.Cobalt-promotedpolymolybdatewastheprecursor,anditsrelativecontentcorrelatedwellwiththeHDSselectivity.Forsulfdedcatalysts,addingthecobalt-promoterledtolocaldistortion-disorderoftheMoS2structureandtheformationofaCoMoSphase.Thismethodcanprovideimportantinformationfordesigningnewindustrialselective-HDScatalysts.

简介：WestudyamodifiedversionoftheLane-Emdenequationofthesecondkindmodellingathermalexplosioninaninfinitecylinderandasphere.Wefirstshowthatthesolutiontotherelevantboundaryvalueproblemisboundedandthatthesolutionsaremonotonedecreasing.Theupperbound,thevalueofthesolutionatzero,canbeapproximatedanalyticallyintermsofthephysicalparameters.Weobtainsolutionstotheboundaryvalueproblem,usingboththeTaylorseries(whichworkwellforweaknonlinearity)andthe(5-expansionmethod(validforstrongnonlinearity).Fromhere,weareabletodeducethequalitativebehaviorofthesolutionprofileswithachangeinanyoneofthephysicalparameters.

简介：Inordertostudytheflammabilityandexplosionpropertyofgasesduringthepropaneoxidationtoacrylicacidprocess,theexplosionlimitsandthesafetyoxygencontentofgasesattherecyclegascompressoroutlet,thereactorinlet,andthereactoroutletweretheoreticallycalculatedandexperimentallytested.Finally,theinertlimitwasalsodetermined.Itshowedthatgasesattherecyclegascompressoroutletandthereactoroutletwerenonflammablebasedonthreeindicators:theexplosionlimits,thesafetyoxygencontentandtheinertlimit.TheC3H6andO2contentswerehigheratthereactorinlet,whichmadethemixedgaseseasilyignitable.However,thelargeamountofinertgasessuppressedthepossibilityofexplosioneffectively.Asaconsequence,noexplosionphenomenonwouldhappeninallthreelocations.Butgasesatthereactorinletaremostdangerous,wheremoresupervisionontheconcentrationofgasesandmorestrictcontrolonthetemperatureandpressureshouldbeimplemented.Besidesthis,openflame,hotsurfacesandothersourcesofignitionareprohibitedinworkingspaces.Theexperimentalresultscanbeappliedtosimilarprocessforoxidationofpropane.

简介：Inthispaper,amulti-objectiveparticleswarmoptimization(MOPSO)algorithmandanondominatedsortinggeneticalgorithmⅡ(NSGA-Ⅱ)areusedtooptimizetheoperatingparametersofa1.6L,sparkignition(SI)gasolineengine.Theaimofthisoptimizationistoreduceengineemissionsintermsofcarbonmonoxide(CO),hydrocarbons(HC),andnitrogenoxides(NOx),whicharethecausesofdiverseenvironmentalproblemssuchasairpollutionandglobalwarming.Stationaryenginetestswereperformedfordatageneration,covering60operatingconditions.Artificialneuralnetworks(ANNs)wereusedtopredictexhaustemissions,whoseinputswerefromsixengineoperatingparameters,andtheoutputswerethreeresultingexhaustemissions.TheoutputsofANNswereusedtoevaluateobjectivefunctionswithintheoptimizationalgorithms:NSGA-ⅡandMOPSO.Thenadecision-makingprocesswasconducted,usingafuzzymethodtoselectaParetosolutionwithwhichthebestemissionreductionscanbeachieved.TheNSGA-Ⅱalgorithmachievedreductionsofatleast9.84%,82.44%,and13.78%forCO,HC,andNOx,respectively.WithaMOPSOalgorithmthereachedreductionswereatleast13.68%,83.80%,and7.67%forCO,HC,andNOx,respectively.

简介：Thearomatizationoflightalkenesinliquefiedpetroleumgas(LPG)withandwithoutdimethylether(DME)additioninthefeedwasinvestigatedonamodifiedZSM-5catalyst.Theresultsshowedthatunderthegivenreactionconditionstheselectivityofalkenestohigh-octanegasolineblendingcomponentswasmarkedlyenhancedandtheformationofpropaneandbutaneswasgreatlysuppressedwiththeadditionofDME.ItwasalsofoundthatthedistributionofC5+componentswaschangedalotwithDMEadditionintotheLPGfeed.Theformationofbranchedhydrocarbons(mainlyC6C8i-paraffin)andmulti-methylsubstitutedaromatics,whicharehighoctanenumbergasolineblendingcomponents,waspromotedsignificantly,whilethecontentofn-paraffinsandolefinsinC5+componentswasdecreasedobviously,indicatingthatinadditiontotheoligomerization,cracking,hydrogen-transferanddehydrogenation-cyclizationofalkenes,themethylationoftheformedaromaticsandolefinsintermediatesalsoplaysanimportantroleindeterminingtheproductdistributionduetothehighreactivityofsurfacemethoxygroupsformedbyDME.Andthisprocess,incombinationwiththesyngas-to-methanol/DMEtechnology,providesanalternativewaytotheproductionofhigh-octanegasolinefromcoal,naturalgasorrenewablerawmaterials.