简介：Inanon-freefield,theexistenceofdisturbingsourceswoulddestroythefree-fieldconditionrequiredbynear-fieldacousticholography,andconfusetheidentificationoftargetsourceduetothescatteringeffectcausedbydisturbingsoundfallingonthetargetsource.Tototallyremovetheinfluenceofdisturbingsource,amethodforrecoveringandreconstructingthetargetsoundfieldinanon-freefieldwasproposedbasedontheequivalentsourcemethodandthepressure-velocitymeasurement.Intheproposedmethod,thesoundfieldseparationtechniquewasfirstlyusedtoseparatethemixedsoundfieldintotheoutgoingfieldcomingfromthetargetsourceandtheincomingfieldcomingfromthedisturbingsource.Thenthescatteredcomponentcontainedintheoutgoingfieldwascalculatedbyusingthedisturbingsoundandthesurfaceimpedanceofthetargetsource.Finally,thesoundfieldradiatedbythetargetsourceinafreefieldwasobtainedbysubtractingthescatteredcomponentfromtheoutgoingfieldandwasfurtherusedtoreconstructthesoundfieldofthetargetsource.Theproposedmethodwasnumericallyandexperimentallytestifiedandtheresultsofboththesimulationandtheexperimentdemonstratedthevalidityoftheproposedmethod.

简介：两个月前我们还在讨论Oracle试图收购JBoss的消息。两个月后的今天．已经尘埃落定。头号Linux厂商Redhat成了．Boss新的所有者。经过这一次的收购行动，Redhat已经成为开源厂商中的巨无霸。借助RedhatEnterpriseLinux＋JBoss在企业级市场中巨大号召力，再加上扛着SOA的这个时髦旗号，这个昔日的小红帽俨然已经有和IBM／BEA／Oracle这样的厂商比拼的实力。至于是否真的能够在竞争非常激烈的企业级开发领域分得更多的市场份额。这就得看Redhat的造化了。

简介：接上一期的话题，文档标准之争暂l‘告一段落：微软OpenOfficeXML文档标准没有通过ISO第一阶段投票。不过微软表示，一定会通过明年初的第二轮投票。大家普遍认为，如果某种技术成为ISO国际标准，符合这一标准的软件产品在销售过程中将大大获益。微软此前在市场上与ODF的竞争中，屡屡因此失利。看来为了利润，微软要下恨功夫了。但业界的担心是，OpenOfficeXML标准是否能够真正open，微软是否会保留一部分代码，

简介：Thekeytosurvivalforanyconte-mporarybrandiscrossover,andwhenyourbrandisalifestylethatexpressesitselfinclothing,music,andart,thenfindinganoutletthattraverseseveryleveliscrucial.

简介：本月很多项目发布了新版本。其中最引人瞩目的当属IronPython的发布。做为一个在．NET平台上动态语言出色的实现，IronPython的意义其实不止于此。微软的．NET战略当初推出之时，其中很大一条就是其跨语言支持能力。可遗憾的是，四年时间过去，除了微软把自己的几门语言移植到了．NET之外，其它几乎没有主流的语言成功移植到．NET上(我这里说的移植是指将语

简介：如今，舆论在提到开源或是Linux时，似乎总喜欢将其和商业软件体系对立起来。有意无意间将软件巨头们暗喻成夺人钱财的强盗，而把开源软件及其开发者塑造成人类的道德楷模。其实，大家有这样的想法并不奇怪，也许是对当今社会过度商业化的一种最直接反应。但正是这种拔高开源开发者道德水准的观点，将开源社群置于一个相当尴尬的境地。

简介：Westudytarget-searchingprocessesonapercolation,onwhichahuntertracksatargetbysmellingodorsitemits.Theodorintensityissupposedtobeinverselyproportionaltothedistanceitpropagates.TheMonteCarlosimulationisperformedona2-dimensionalbond-percolationabovethethreshold.Havingnoideaofthelocationofthetarget,thehunterdeterminesitsmovesonlybyrandomattemptsineachdirection.Forlagerpercolationconnectivityp(＞～)0.90,itrevealsascalinglawforthesearchingtimeversusthedistancetothepositionofthetarget.Thescalingexponentisdependentonthesensitivityofthehunter.Forsmallerp,thescalinglawisbrokenandtheprobabilityoffindingoutthetargetsignificantlyreduces.Thehunterseemstrappedintheclusterofthepercolationandcanhardlyreachthegoal.

简介：ＡｉｒｂｏｒｎｅＴａｒｇｅｔＳｔａｔｅＥｓｔｉｍａｔｏｒ￥ＨａｏＪｉａｎｋａｎｇ；ＺｈａｎｇＭｉｎｇｌｉａｎ＆ＷｅｎＣｈｕａｎｙｕａｎ（Ｆａｃｕｌｔｙ３０５ｏｆＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＡｅｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓ＆ＡｓｔｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓＢｅ...

简介：Duringtheperiodof1999～2002,theChineseseismologistsmadeaseriousofdevelopmentsinthestudyonseismicsourcesincludingobservations,experimentsandtheory.Inthefieldofobservation,themethodsoftheaccuracylocationofearthquakesources,theinversionofseismicmomenttensorandthemechanismofearthquakesourceareimprovedanddeveloped.Alotofimportantearthquakeeventsarestudiedbyusingthesemethods.Theruptureprocessesoftheseeventsareinvertedandinvestigatedcombinedwiththelocalstressfieldsandthetectonicmomentbyusingthemeasurementsofsurfacedeformation.Inthefieldsofexperimentsandtheory,manydevelopmentsareobtainedincauseofseismicformation,conditionofstressandtectonics,dynamicsofearthquakerupture,rockfractureandnucleationofstrongearthquakes.

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简介：AbstractThe incidence and prevalence of asthma have increased remarkably in recent years. There are lots of factors contributing to the occurrence and development of asthma. With the improvement of sequencing technology, it has been found that the microbiome plays an important role in the formation of asthma in early life. The roles of the microbial environment and human microbiome in the occurrence and development of asthma have attracted more and more attention. The environmental microbiome influences the occurrence of asthma by shaping the human microbiome. The specific mechanism may be related to the immune regulation of Toll-like receptors and T cells (special Tregs). Intestinal microbiome is formed and changed by regulating diet and lifestyle in early life, which may affect the development and maturation of the pulmonary immune system through the intestinal-pulmonary axis. It is well-recognized that both environmental microbiomes and human microbiomes can influence the onset of asthma. This review aims to summarize the recent advances in the research of microbiome, its relationship with asthma, and the possible mechanism of the microbiome in the occurrence and development of asthma. The research of the microbial environment and human microbiome may provide a new target for the prevention of asthma in children who have high-risk factors to allergy. However, further study of "when and how" to regulate microbiome is still needed.

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简介：Parkinsonsdisease(PD)isacommon,progressiveneurodegenerativediseasecharacterisedbydegenerationofnigrostriataldopaminergicneurons,aggregationofα-synucleinandmotorsymptoms.Currentdopamine-replacementstrategiesprovidesymptomaticrelief,howevertheireffectivenesswearoffovertimeandtheirprolongeduseleadstodisablingside-effectsinPDpatients.ThereisthereforeacriticalneedtodevelopnewdrugsanddrugtargetstoprotectdopaminergicneuronsandtheiraxonsfromdegenerationinPD.Overrecentyears,therehasbeenrobustevidencegeneratedshowingthatepigeneticdysregulationoccursinPDpatients,andthatepigeneticmodulationisapromisingtherapeuticapproachforPD.Thisarticlefirstdiscussesthepresentevidenceimplicatingglobal,anddopaminergicneuron-specific,alterationsinthemethylomeinPD,andthetherapeuticpotentialofpharmacologicallytargetingthemethylome.Itthenfocusesonanothermechanismofepigeneticregulation,histoneacetylation,anddescribeshowthehistoneacetyltransferase(HAT)andhistonedeacetylase(HDAC)enzymesthatmediatethisprocessareattractivetherapeutictargetsforPD.Itdiscussestheuseofactivatorsand/orinhibitorsofHDACsandHATsinmodelsofPD,andhowtheseapproachesfortheselectivemodulationofhistoneacetylationelicitneuroprotectiveeffects.Finally,itoutlinesthepotentialofemployingsmallmoleculeepigeneticmodulatorsasneuroprotectivetherapiesforPD,andthefutureresearchthatwillberequiredtodetermineandrealisethistherapeuticpotential.

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简介：Itiswidelyacceptedthatthedesignofmorphologicalfilters,whichareoptimalinsomesense,isadifficulttask.Inthispaperanovelmethodforoptimallearningofmorphologicalfilteringparameters(Genetictrainingalgorithmformorphologicalfilters,GTAMF)ispresented.GTAMFadoptsnewcrossoverandmutationoperatorscalledthecurvedcylindercrossoverandmaster-slavemutationtoachieveoptimalfilteringparametersinaglobalsearching.Experimentalresultsshowthatthismethodispractical,easytoextend,andmarkedlyimprovestheperformancesofmorphologicalfilters.Theoperationofamorphologicalfiltercanbedividedintotwobasicproblemsincludingmorphologicaloperationandstructuringelement(SE)selection.Therulesformorphologicaloperationsarepredefinedsothatthefilter'spropertiesdependmerelyontheselectionofSE.Bymeansofadaptiveoptimizationtraining,structuringelementspossesstheshapeandstructuralcharacteristicsofimagetargets,andgivespecificinformationtoSE.Morphologicalfiltersformedinthiswaybecomecertainlyintelligentandcanprovidegoodfilteringresultsandrobustadaptabilitytoimagetargetswithclutterbackground.

简介：Neurodegenerationischaracterizedbytheprogressiveandpermanentlossofneurons.Degenerationtypicallyresultsinadebilitatinglossoffunctioninanotherwisehealthyperson.Neurodegenerativediseaseshaveenormousdirecthealthcarecosts,withsomeestimatesfordiseases,suchasAlzheimer’sdiseaseexceeding$36,000

简介：Theetiologyofneurodegenerativediseasesisdiverse,howevermostofthemsharecommoncharacteristics:accumulationofmisfoldedproteins,chronicandsustainedneuroinflammation,andthedysfunctionanddeathofcertainpopulationsofneurons.ThebrainofAlzheimer’sdisease(AD)patientspresents

简介：AnewmethodofunscentedextendedKalmanfilter(UEKF)fornonlinearsystemispresented.ThisnewmethodisacombinationoftheunscentedtransformationandtheextendedKalmanfilter(EKF).TheextendedKalmanfilterissimilartothatinaconventionalEKF.However,ineveryrunningstepoftheEKFtheunscentedtransformationisrunning,thedeterministicsampleiscaughtbyunscentedtransformation,thenposteriormeanofnonlinearityiscaughtbypropagating,buttheposteriorcovarianceofnonlinearityiscaughtbylinearizing.TheaccuracyofnewmethodisalittlebetterthanthatoftheunscentedKalmanfilter(UKF),however,thecomputationaltimeoftheUEKFismuchlessthanthatoftheUKF.

简介：Liverinjuryisacharacteristicfeatureofhumanimmunodeficiencyvirus(HIV)infection,whichisthesecondmostcommoncauseofmortalityinHIV-infectedpatients.NowitisrecognizedthatliverplaysakeyroleinHIVinfectionpathogenesis.Antiretroviraltherapy(ART),whichsuppressesHIVinfectioninpermissiveimmunecells,islesseffectiveinhepatocytes,therebymakingthesecellsasilentreservoirofHIVinfection.InadditiontodirecthepatotoxiceffectsofHIV,certainARTtreatmentmodalitiesprovidehepatotoxiceffects.TheexactmechanismsofHIV-triggeredchronichepatitisprogressionarenotelucidated,buttheliverisadverselyaffectedbyHIV-infectionandlivercellsareprominentlyinvolvedinHIV-elicitedinjury.Theseeffectsarepotentiatedbysecondhitslikealcohol.Here,wewillfocusontheincidenceofHIV,clinicalevidenceofHIVrelatedliverdamage,interactionsbetweenHIVandlivercellsandtheroleofalcoholandco-infectionwithhepatotropicvirusesinliverinflammationandfibrosisprogression.

简介：neovascularization的形成是许多眼睛的脉管的疾病的一个普通病理学的特征，并且是在病人的视觉损失的一个重要原因。Neovascularization能引起网膜的出血，玻璃的出血，和另外的严肃的复杂并发症，导致视觉的损失。intraocularneovascularization的治疗是眼科学研究的焦点。在最近的年里，一些研究发现了autophagy是仔细与脉管的endothelial生长因素和neovascularization的形成有关。Autophagy被期望为intraocularneovascularization的治疗成为一个新目标。因此，这篇文章在autophagy和intraocularneovascularization的形成上考察研究。