简介：Wefocusonthefullrelativisticquantummechanicalcalculationsfromborontofluorineatomswithelectronicconfigurationof1s22s22pn(n=1,2,3,4,and5),where1s22s2istheclosedshelland2pnistheopenshell.Theiractiveelectronsintheopenshelloccupyallthesixspinorsasfaraspossible.Therefore,wesuggestanewrulecalled'maximumprobability'forthefullsymmetrygrouprelativistictheory.Furthermore,thespectralfinestructureoftheatomicgroundstatesbasedonthefullrelativistictheoryandtheirintervalsofL-Ssplittingareallreasonable.ItisimpossibletocalculatetheL-Ssplittingthroughnon-relativisticquantummechanics.Therelativisticeffectofatomicmassisincreasedsignificantlybyabout12foldsfromboronatomtofluorineatom.

简介：Intense-laser-inducedabove-thresholdionizationofaboundelectronintocontinuumstateswithlowenergyisinvestigatedinthecontextofthestrong-fieldapproximationthatallowsforoneactofrescatteringoftherevisitingelectron.Thequantumorbitsforforwardandbackwardscatteringareevaluatedandgeneralizedtoarbitraryscatteringangles.Thevelocitymapoftheliberatedelectronexhibitsthewell-knownlow-energystructureaswellasotherfeaturesoffthepolarizationaxis.