简介：ＴＨＥＯＲＹＯＦＴＨＥＥＥＧＣＯＲＴＩＣＡＬＩＭＡＧＩＮＧＴＥＣＨＮＩＱＵＥＳＴＨＥＯＲＹＯＦＴＨＥＥＥＧＣＯＲＴＩＣＡＬＩＭＡＧＩＮＧＴＥＣＨＮＩＱＵＥＳＤｅｚｈｏｎｇＹａｏ，ＢｉｎｇｗｅＬｕｏｉ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＡｕｔｏｍａｔｉｏｎＵｎｉ...

简介：Thespleen-stomachtheoryisaveryvaluablecompositionoftheTCM.ItisoriginatedfromNeijing（《内经》),initiatedinJin-Yuanperiodsandtheidea“spleenandstomachisthepostnatalbaseoflife”inPiweilun(《脾胃论》)writtenbyLIDong-yuanestablisheditstheoreticalbasis.Directedbythistheory,theauthorcuredseveralcases,anditisnowreportedbelow.

简介：AbstractThe developmental origins of health and disease theory states that environmental stresses during the early stages of life influence health and risk of developing non-communicable diseases throughout the lifespan of an individual. Developmental plasticity is thought to be a possible underlying mechanism. Here, I discuss a contrasting but complementary genetic hypothesis regarding the developmental origins of health and disease theory: crosstalk between the genomes of the parents and offspring is responsible for shaping and adapting responses to environmental stresses, regulating early growth and predisposition to non-communicable diseases. Genetic variants that are beneficial in terms of responses to early life stresses may have pleiotropic detrimental effects on health later in life, which may change the allele frequencies driven by selection on a population level. Genetic studies on the cohort of children born after assisted reproduction could provide insight regarding the genetic mechanisms of the developmental origins of health and disease theory.

简介：contourstressofspine,parallelogram,cervicalflexure,lumbarflexure,boundaryregioninspinalmechanics,neutralzone,thefirstclasslever

简介：Basedontheinvestigationofthefourdifferentcompositiondentalamalgamal-loysmadebysametechnologricalprocess,therelationbetweenphysicalpropertiesandmicrostructureofthemhasbeendiscussedindetail.Thetheoryfoundationhasbeenexaminedforthedesignofdentalamalgamalloy.Themainconclusionsareasfollows:

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简介：AbstractBackground:Despite progress towards End TB Strategy targets for reducing tuberculosis (TB) incidence and deaths by 2035, South Africa remains among the top ten high-burden tuberculosis countries globally. A large challenge lies in how policies to improve detection, diagnosis and treatment completion interact with social and structural drivers of TB. Detailed understanding and theoretical development of the contextual determinants of problems in TB care is required for developing effective interventions. This article reports findings from the pre-implementation phase of a study of TB care in South Africa, contributing to HeAlth System StrEngThening in Sub-Saharan Africa (ASSET)—a five-year research programme developing and evaluating health system strengthening interventions in sub-Saharan Africa. The study aimed to develop hypothetical propositions regarding contextual determinants of problems in TB care to inform intervention development to reduce TB deaths and incidence whilst ensuring the delivery of quality integrated, person-centred care.Methods:Theory-building case study design using the Context and Implementation of Complex Interventions (CICI) framework to identify contextual determinants of problems in TB care. Between February and November 2019, we used mixed methods in six public-sector primary healthcare facilities and one public-sector hospital serving impoverished urban and rural communities in the Amajuba District of KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Qualitative data included stakeholder interviews, observations and documentary analysis. Quantitative data included routine data on sputum testing and TB deaths. Data were inductively analysed and mapped onto the seven CICI contextual domains.Results:Delayed diagnosis was caused by interactions between fragmented healthcare provision; limited resources; verticalised care; poor TB screening, sputum collection and record-keeping. One nurse responsible for TB care, with limited integration of TB with other conditions, and policy focused on treatment adherence contributed to staff stress and limited consideration of patients’ psychosocial needs. Patients were lost to follow up due to discontinuity of information, poverty, employment restrictions and limited support for treatment side-effects. Infection control measures appeared to be compromised by efforts to integrate care.Conclusions:Delayed diagnosis, limited psychosocial support for patients and staff, patients lost to follow-up and inadequate infection control are caused by an interaction between multiple interacting contextual determinants. TB policy needs to resolve tensions between treating TB as epidemic and individually-experienced social problem, supporting interventions which strengthen case detection, infection control and treatment, and also promote person-centred support for healthcare professionals and patients.

简介：摘要：颈椎病是常见病、多发病，严重影响人们的日常生活及工作。而针灸具有舒筋通络、活血止痛之功效，可有效改善颈部血液循环，缓解局部疼痛、僵硬、麻木等症状，从而改善颈椎部分生理功能。临床中发现传统针灸疗程较长，而将王氏针灸和脐针理论相结合选取相应穴位治疗颈型颈椎病，可以明显缩短疗程，甚至取到立竿见影的效果。故本文报告3例临床中采用王氏针灸和脐针理论相结合治疗颈型颈椎病病例，以供临床针灸学者及医务人员参考。