简介：·AIM:Toexploretheeffectofimmunizationwithcopolymer-1(COP-1)andretinalstemcells(RSCs)transplantationoninterferon-gamma(IFN-γ)levelsinaratexperimentalglaucomamodel.·METHODS:Anexperimentalglaucomawasinducedbyargonlaserphotocoagulationoftheepiscleralveinsandlimbalplexusintherighteyeofrats.Immediatelyfollowingglaucomainduction,ratswereimmunizedwithCOP-1.RSCswereculturedandtransplantedintravitreallyintotheeyesofglaucomamodelanimals1weekpost-lasertreatment.Sixexperimentalgroupswereused:COP-1/RSC,PBS/RSC,COP-1/PBS,PBS/PBS,glaucomamodelgroup,andanormalcontrolgroup.TheconcentrationofIFN-γinaqueoushumor(AH)andserumwasmeasuredbyenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA)ineachofthesixgroups.Retinalganglioncell(RGC)survivalwasassessedbyquantifyingapoptosisusingHoechststaining.·RESULTS:ConcentrationsofIFN-γinAHandserumofratsthathadundergoneglaucomainductionwerehigherthanthoseofnon-inducedcontrolrats.TheconcentrationsofIFN-γinAHandserumoftheCOP-1/RSCstreatedgroupweredeterminedtobe2371.9ng/Land710.9ng/L,respectively,whichweresignificantlylowerthanthoseintheothertreatedgroups(P<0.05).Infact,IFN-γlevelsinthedualtreatedgroupwerereducedtobackgroundlevels.TheCOP-1/RSCgrouphadlowernumberofapoptoticRGCsthantheotherthreeexperimentalgroups(P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:ThereducedlevelsofIFN-γinAHandserumoftheCOP-1/RSCgroupmayberelatedtosynergisticeffectsbetweenRSCstransplantationandCOP-1immunemodulation.ItislikelythatthelowerlevelsofIFN-γpreventedRGCsglaucomatousapoptosis.·

简介：年龄相关性黄斑变性（age-relatedmaculardegeneration，AMD）是老年人致盲的主要原因。关于AMD的发病机制最近有研究表明，其发病与免疫炎症反应关系密切。本文就炎症介质合成与分泌、补体系统、免疫相关细胞与炎症细胞等方面探讨AMD与免疫炎症反应的关系。

简介：<正>弓形虫病是由弓形虫引起的一种人兽共患性疾病,据报道全世界有5～10亿人受其感染。人患弓形虫病,其临床表现常因侵犯脏器不同而异,内,外、妇、儿、神经精神、传染病、肿瘤、眼、耳鼻喉科以及输血、器官移植、免疫缺陷等都与之密切关系,我们过去临床报道很少,主要与医院未开展弓形虫病检测以及手段落后有关。我们运用高

简介：目的：探讨获得性免疫缺陷综合征（acquredimmunodeficiencysyndrome，AIDS，简称艾滋病）发生视乳头病变的类型及其与CD4^＋T淋巴细胞的关系。方法：回顾分析107例（214眼）艾滋病患者经眼底彩照及眼底荧光血管造影（fluoresceinangiography，FFA）检查确诊的视乳头病变患者，统计AIDS性视乳头病变的发生率及病变类型以及与CD^＋T淋巴细胞数之间的关系。结果：107例（214跟）AIDS患者发生视乳头病变71眼，占33．2％；其中，前段缺血性视神经病变30眼，占42．2％（30／71）；视盘水肿12眼，占16．9％（12／71）；无体征性视神经病变29眼，占40．8％（29／71）。CD4^＋T淋巴细胞≤50个／μ发生视乳头病变59眼，未发生视乳头病变75眼，发病率44．0％（59／134）；CD^4＋T淋巴细胞≥51个／μL发生视乳头病变12眼，未发生视乳头病变68眼，发病率15．0％（12／80）。经双侧检测统计：χ^2=19．042，P=0．000。说明组间具有显著差异性。结论：AIDS视乳头病变的类型呈多样性，且CD^4＋T淋巴细胞数越少，发生视乳头病变的几率越大。

简介：青光眼是全球第二大致盲眼病,是不可逆性盲最主要原因,而原发性闭角型青光眼（primaryangleclosure[1]glaucoma,PACG）是我国最主要的青光眼类型。原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）的发病机制复杂。PACG发病的主要危险因素是晶状体位置偏前、前房变浅而导致的瞳孔阻滞。此外,周边虹膜肥厚以及睫状体位置前移也是PACG发病的常见危险因素。

简介：目的构建肺炎链球菌自溶素（pneumococcalautolysin，LytA）核酸疫苗，并研究其免疫原性。方法采用聚合酶链反应方法从肺炎链球菌基因组中克隆肺炎链球菌自溶素基因，然后将该基因插入到pVAX1真核表达载体中，构建表达LytA的重组质粒，制备成超螺旋比例大于90％的核酸疫苗。实验组：BALB／c小鼠5只，对其分3次肌内注射核酸疫苗（100μg）；对照组：BALB／c小鼠5只，肌内注射pVAX1空载体（100μg）3次。分别采集小鼠血清，采用间接酶联免疫吸附方法测定血清LytA特异性抗体水平。结果扩增出的LytA基因（957bp）与基因库中LytA的编码序列（957bp）一致。成功构建了LytA核酸疫苗。实验组小鼠的血清LytA抗体水平明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论成功克隆了LytA基因，制备了LytA核酸疫苗，后者可在小鼠体内诱导较强的特异性体液免疫反应。

简介：目的分析常年性变应性鼻炎的狗、猫上皮变应原皮肤点刺试验的阳性结果，对其他气传变应原的反应性，并进一步探讨环境接触与其相关性。方法总结1022例常年性变应性鼻炎患者采用阿罗格叶7种气传变应原标准化试液进行的皮肤点刺试验；分析狗、猫上皮变应原的皮试结果及合并其他气传变应原阳性的比例；并根据是否有环境接触分类，比较各组在阳性率分布上的差异。结果常年性变应性鼻炎中狗上皮变应原皮试阳性占13．80％，猫上皮阳性占6．95％；且98％以上合并其他气传变应原阳性，尤以合并粉尘螨、屋尘螨阳性居多。其中21．93％和26．32％环境接触狗／猫的变应性鼻炎相应狗／猫上皮变应原皮试阳性；无环境接触组的阳性率分别为12．78％和6．58％，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论常年性变应性鼻炎的狗上皮及猫上皮的阳性率位居前列，其中绝大多数合并其他气传变应原阳性。鉴于环境接触对狗、猫上皮过敏的高危险性，变应性鼻炎患者应该尽可能地避免饲养、接触宠物。

简介：AIM:TotrainTibetanmonkey(Macacathibetana)forintraocularpressure(IOP)measurementinconsciousstateandobtainnormalIOPinconsciousTibetanMacaque.·METHODS:Thetrainingwasbasedonaward-conditionedbehavior.Foodstimulationandhuman-animalinteractionwereusedinthistraining.·RESULTS:TrainedTibetanmonkeyscalmlyacceptedIOPmeasurementbytheTonoVet?誖reboundtonometerwithoutsedationoranesthesiaandtheirIOPvaluesweresimilartootherprimates.·CONCLUSION:Human-cultivatedThibetanmonkeysaretamable,andcanbeusedforbiomedicalresearchsuchasophthalmicresearchwithoutanesthesia.

简介：AIM:Toassesstheeffectivenessofimmunosuppressantsintheprophylaxisofcornealallograftrejectionafterhigh-riskkeratoplastyandnormal-riskkeratoplasty.METHODS:WesearchedtheCochraneCentralRegisterofControlledTrials(CENTRAL),MEDLINE,EMBASE,CNKI,VIPandreferencelistsofarticles.Dateofmostrecentsearch:18June,2011.Allrandomisedcontrolledtrials(RCTs)assessingtheuseofimmunosupressantsinthepreventionofgraftrejection,irrespectiveofpublicationlanguage.Twoauthorsassessedtrialqualityandextracteddataindependently.Onlydichotomousoutcomes(cleargraftsurvival,ratioofimmunereactionsandsideeffects)wereavailableandwereexpressedasrelativerisk(RR)and95%confidenceintervals(CI).RESULTS:Sevenstudieswereincludedinthisreview.Inthecomparingofmycophenolatemofetil(MMF)withplacebo,theresultsshowedMMFcouldsignificantlyreduceimmunereactionscomparedwithplacebo(RR1.0895%Cl0.95to1.21),butnoeffectoncleargraftsurvival(RR1.1195%Cl0.90to1.35).Incleargraftsurvivalandimmunereactions,MMFandcyclosporineA(CsA)showedsimilareffect(RR1.1195%Cl0.90to1.35,andRR1.48,95%Cl0.56to3.93,respectively).Tacrolimus(FK506)andsteroidshowedsimilareffectsoncleargraftsurvivalandimmunereactions(RR0.32,95%CI0.02to6.21,andRR1.00,95%CI0.88to1.14,respectively).Nodrugrelativesideeffecthasbeenfound.CONCLUSION:MMFmayreduceimmunereactionsinbothnormal-riskandhigh-riskrejectionofpenetratingkeratoplasty.CsAandFK506showedsimilareffectsasMMF.However,duetothelackoflargeclinicaltrials,theevidenceremainweak,thequalityofevidenceswereratedasverylowtomoderate.Large,properlyrandomised,placebo-controlled,doublemaskedtrialsareneededtoevaluatetheeffectofimmunosuppressants.

简介：AIM:ToevaluatetheefficacyofSeprafilmtransplantationfollowingadhesiolysisforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionandimprovingsurgicaloutcomes.METHODS:Primaryblepharoplastywascarriedoutonbotheyelidsof18albinorabbits.After2weeks,anewskinincisionwasmade,andadhesiolysiswasperformedonbotheyelids.Therabbitswerecategorizedintotwogroups,onewithadhesiolysisaloneinthelefteyelid(controlgroup),andtheotherwithadhesiolysiswithaSeprafilmgraftintherighteyelid(Seprafilmgroup).Thedegreesofinflammationandfibrosiswereexaminedwithhematoxylin-eosin(HE)andMasson’strichromestains.Expressionofα-smoothmuscleactin(α-SMA)wasalsoimmunohistochemicallyexamined.RESULTS:Eyelidexaminationimmediatelyaftertheoperationrevealedmildswellingandhemorrhageinbothgroups,butthesesymptomsresolvedafter1week-2weeks,andeyelidshapehadrecoveredcompletelyinbothgroups.MicroscopicassessmentsdemonstratedthattheSeprafilmgroupshowedlessinflammationandfibrosisthanthecontrolgroup.TheSeprafilmgroupalsoexhibitedfewerα-SMA-positivecellsthanthecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:Basedonthesefindings,weconcludethatSeprafilmgraftwithadhesiolysisisaneffectivemethodforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionsaftereyelidsurgery.

简介：·AIM:Toinvestigatethetherapeuticeffectsofnanophtha-locyaninephotosensitizersonanexperimentalratchoroidalneovescularization(CNV)model,aswellastoevaluatethecytotoxicityofwhichonhumanretinalpigmentepithelia(HRPE)andhumanretinalendothelialcells(HRECs).·METHODS:Twotypesofphotosensitizers,G1-ZnPc(COOH)8andG1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mrespectively,wereadministratedforphotodynamictherapy(PDT)afterasuccessfulestablishmentofCNVmodelonBrown-Norway(BN)ratsviafundusphotocoagulation.Thetherapeuticeffectsofthetwodrugswereassessedthroughopticalcoherencetomography(OCT),fluoresceinfundusangiography(FFA)andtransmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM).Forcytotoxicitytests,cellcountingkit-8(CCK-8)assaysandchangesofmitochondrialtransmembranepotential(△Ψm)wereconductedonHRPEandHRECsafterinitialuptakeofthetwodrugs.·RESULTS:Bothphotosensitizersdemonstratedanimprove-mentofvascularleakageandclosureofCNV1weekafterPDTasconfirmedbyfundusimage,OCT,FFAandTEM.TwoweeksafterPDT,G1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mshowedabetterCNVclosureeffectversusG1-ZnPc(COOH)8(P<0.05).Asignificantdifference(P<0.01)wasfoundinuptakeofthetwodrugsinHRPEandHRECs,withnodifferencebetweenthedrugs(P>0.05).BothphotosensitizersshowedcytotoxicityonHRPE,butG1-ZnPc(COOH)8/minducedalowercellviability.·CONCLUSION:G1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mmediatedPDTisbetterthanG1-ZnPc(COOH)8inCNVclosureandalsohavetheadvantageoffastmetabolismleadingtolesssideeffect.·

简介：AIM:ToevaluatetheeffectofCollagencross-linkingonthepreventionofmeltinginrabbitcorneasafteralkaliburn.·METHODS:TwentyNewZealandwhiterabbitswererandomlydividedintomodelcontrolgroupandcollagencross-linkingtreatmentgroup.Thesecondgroupofrabbitsreceivedcollagencrosslinkedtreatment.Bothgroupswereappliedwithantibioticeyedropstopreventinfection.Thecorneaswereevaluatedformelting,opacity,pathologicalandimmunohistochemistry,recordthechangeswhen28daysaftertheanimalswerekilled.·RESULTS:Inthecontrolgroup,6outof8rabbitsshowedcornealmeltingafterinjury(14±4)days,whiletwocornealperforated.Incollagencross-linkingtreatmentgroup,onerabbitshowedcornealmeltingafterinjury23days,withoutcornealperforation;cornealdissolutionratebetweenthetwogroupswassignificantlydifferent(P<0.05).Pathologicalexaminationsuggestedthatinthetreatmentgroup,mildcornealedema,milddamagetocollagenfibers,inflammatorycellinfiltrationwassignificantlylessthanthecontrolgroup.Immunohistochemistryshowedthatcornealcollagenfibersarrangedinneatrowsinthecontrolgroup.·CONCLUSION:Collagencross-linkingtreatmentnotonlycanpreventanddelaythecornealmeltingafteralkaliburn,butalsocanreducethedestructionofcornealcollagenfibersandinfiltrationofinflammatorycellsinthecornealtissue.

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