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简介：INTRODUCTIONMolecularbiologyhasmadeatremendousimpactonthediagnosisandtreatmentofliverdiseases.Inparticular,advancesinmolecularbiologymadepossiblethediscovery

简介：MolecularPlantBreeding(online,ISSN1923-8266)isanopenaccessandpeerreviewedjournal.Itpublishesoriginalresearchpapersinvolvinginthetransgenicbreedingandmarkerassistedbreedinginplants,particularintheareasoftransgene,moleculargenetics,cropQTLanalysis,germplasmgeneticdiversity,andadvancedbreedingtechnologies.Theprimarycriteriaforpublicationaretheinterestingsthatneednotonlytomeet

简介：Molecularmaterialsarethoseconstitutedbyweakintermolecularinteractions(e.g.,interac-tion,hydrogenbonding,andvanderWaalsforce)betweenindividualcomponentmolecules.Whileconventionalsemiconductingmaterialsareconstitutedbystrongintermolecularinteractions(e.g.,covalentbonding,metallicbonding,and

简介：Animportantfunctioningmechanismofbiologicalmacromoleculesisthetransitionbetweendifferentconformedstatesduetothermalfluctuation.Inthepresentpaper,abiologicalmacromoleculeismodeledastwostrandswithsidechainsfacingeachother,anditsstochasticdynamicsincludingthestatisticsofstationarymotionandthestatisticsofconformationaltransitionisstudiedbyusingthestochasticaveragingmethodforquasiHamiltoniansystems.ThetheoreticalresultsareconfirmedwiththeresultsfromMonteCarlosimulation.

简介：Crystalandphasemorphologiesandstructuresdeterminedbyself-organizationofcrystalline-amorphousdiblockcopolymers,crystallizationofthecrystallizableblocks,andvitrificationoftheamorphousblocksarereviewedthroughasystematicstudyonaseriesofpoly（ethyleneoxide）-b-polystyrene（PEO-b-PS）diblockcopolymers.Onthebaseofcompetitionsamongthesethreeprocesses,molecularandsupramolecularorderinginconfinedenvironmentscanbeinvestigated.Inaconcentration-fluctuation-induceddisordered(DCF)diblockcopolymer,thecompetitionbetweencrystalli-zationofthePEOblocksandvitrificationofthePSblocksismomtoredbytime-resolvedsimultaneoussmallangleX-rayscattering（SAXS）andwideangleX-raydiffraction（WAXD）techniques.InthecaseofTc

简介：TreeGeneticsandMolecularBreeding(ISSN1927-5781)isaninternational,openaccess,peerreviewedjournal,committedtoservefortreegeneticsandmolecularbreeding,particularlypublishinginnovativeresearchfindingsinthebasicandappliedfieldsoftreemoleculargeneticsandnoveltechniquesforcrop/fruit/forest/ornamental/

简介：Epithelialovariancancerrepresentsthemostlethalgynecologicalmalignancyinthedevelopedworld,andcanbedividedintofivemainhistologicalsubtypes:highgradeserous,endometrioid,clearcell,mucinousandlowgradeserous.Thesesubtypesrepresentdistinctdiseaseentities,bothclinicallyandatthemolecularlevel.Molecularanalysishasrevealedsignificantgeneticheterogeneityinovariancancer,particularlywithinthehighgradeseroussubtype.Assuch,thissubtypehasbeenthefocusofmuchresearchefforttodate,revealingmolecularsubgroupsatboththegenomicandtranscriptomiclevelthathaveclinicalimplications.However,stratificationofovariancancerpatientsbasedontheunderlyingbiologyoftheirdiseaseremainsinitsinfancy.Here,wesummarizethemolecularchangesthatcharacterizethefivemainovariancancersubtypes,highlightpotentialopportunitiesfortargetedtherapeuticinterventionandoutlineprioritiesforfutureresearch.

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简介：提炼伴随转变从的变化对在蝗虫的独居的阶段状态群居是那么激烈的很长时间，这些阶段被看作不同种类。是鲍里斯·乌瓦罗夫介绍了polyphenism的概念。研究的十年表明阶段转变在morphometry，表皮的颜色，行为和生理学的几个方面暗示变化。在最近的十年，特别地，相当很多分子的研究被承担了揭开阶段相关的差别。他们导致了新奇卓见进corazonin的角色，neuroparsins，一些朊酶禁止者，phenylacetonitrile等等。蝗虫的EST数据库的来临(例如坑等，2004)是在生理、行为的蝗虫研究的很令人鼓舞的新奇开发。然而，最吸引人的问题的答案，也就是是否有阶段转变的初发的分子的inducer，在不久的将来可能不在活动范围以内。

简介：Theuseofmolecularbiologyandgenomicstoolsinplantbiologyresearchhasgreatlyexpandedourunderstandingofthemolecularmechanismsthatunderlieplantdevelopmentandphysiology.Thesuccessfulestablishmentofresearchresourcessuchasmutantpopulationshasledtoprogressinavarietyoffields,includingplantreproductivedevelop-ment,signaltransduction,hormonefunctions,defenseresponsesandepigeneticcontrol.Inthefuturetheseadvanceswillpotentiallyfacilitatecropimprovementthroughmolecularbreeding.

简介：InternationalJournalofMolecularMedicalScience(IJMMS,ISSN1927-6656)isaninternational,openaccess,peerreviewedjournal,independentlypublishedbyEditorialTeambasedtheBioPublisherPlatform,committedtoserveformedicalsciencesandclinicalpracticeresearch.IJMMSpublishesscientificarticleslikeoriginalresearcharticles,casereports,reviewarticles,editorials,shortcommunicationsandcorrespondenceofthehighqualitypertinenttoallaspectsofhumanbiologyandpathophysiology.Allpapers

简介：Samplesofpolyphenylsilsisquioxane（PPSQ）usingCaF2orMgF2asthemaincatalystshadbeenpreparedunderdifferentpolymerizationconditions.TheresultsweretreatedonanorthogonaldesignL9（34）.Allweight-averagemolecularweights（MW）ofPPSQhadbeenmeasuredbygelpermeationchromatography（GPC）.Effectsofpolymerizationconditionsincludingreactiontemperature,compositionofthedualcatalysts（CaF2orMgF2andDCC）,mixtureofsolventsandreactiontimeonMWofPPSQhavebeendiscussed.ThequantityofthecatalystsisthemostimportantfactorthataffectsMWofPPSQ.Reactiontemperatureisthesecondimportantfactor.AppropriatepolymerizationconditionhasbeenestablishedtogetPPSQwithhighMW.

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简介：由模式识别受体(PRR)的病原体的天生的察觉到在在自我和非自我部件之间的天生的辨别起必要作用，导致天生的有免疫力的防卫和煽动性的回答的产生。天生的煽动性的反应的开始，激活和分辨率被相互作用的一个复杂网络在有免疫力、非有免疫力的系统的众多的细胞、分子的部件之中调停。当时一控制并且有益的天生的煽动性的反应是批评的因为病原体的消除和织物动态平衡，dysregulated或持续发炎的维护导致象长期的感染那样的病理学的条件，煽动性的自体免疫的疾病。在这评论，我们为天生的免疫和煽动性的回答的建立和规定在我们细胞、分子的机制的理解讨论一些最近的进展。

简介：在代理的苯上的4-H和邻近的H之间的距离在benzo响[c]carbazole以分子结构参数被计算。结果证明距离比货车derVaal二个氢原子的半径的和短。这意味着在他们之间有位的hinderance。这效果将让契约角度段和契约长度延长，或引起分子弄歪，因此做benzo[c]carbazoles在热力学变得不稳定。相反为benzo没有如此的效果[一]carbazoles.This结论被在一样之间的距离的计算的结果证实了有软件GaussView.So的二个原子benzo的骨骼[c]在沉积的carbazoles可以被突破或有增加成熟的isomerized。它与benzo的比率的减少一致[c]carbazole到benzo[一]在烃移植的carbazole，建议那[c]/[一]不仅有移植的距离的变化，而且可以被成熟影响。

简介：大米在充满的稻地里成长并且作为比较喜欢的氮(N)来源收起铵。铵举起被作为在生活的所有领域发现的铵transporters知道的不可分的膜蛋白质的一个家庭便于。然而，分子的机制和在米饭的铵transporters(AMT)的功能的特征还没详细被决定。在这评论，我们在米饭为AMT基因报导染色体宽的搜索，导致到至少12的潜在的AMT蛋白质的数字的增加，包括alpha和贝它亚群的成员。为12OsAMT蛋白质的预言的蛋白质序列的分析在alpha和贝它识别了许多保存phosphorylation地点组织成员，它能潜在地在控制transporters的活动起一个作用。米饭AMT基因的表示的现在的知识也详细被总结。未来研究应该集中于OsAMT蛋白质的结构、功能的特征在米饭提供卓见进铵举起和它的规定的机制。如此的研究能在米饭耕作改进利用和N化肥的减少消耗量。

简介：Translationalresearch,ingeneral,meanstotakeknowledgefromoneareaintoasecond.Traditionalthoughttorepresenttransferofknowledgefrombasicresearchintotheclinic,translationalresearchtodaycoversamuchbroaderterm.Thus,mostinvestigatorswillagreetranslationalresearchcoversatwo-wayprocessthatalsoincludestakinglessonsfromtheclinicbacktothelaboratory,bywhichbiologicalobservationsinvivowouldcreatenovelhypothesestobefurtherexploredinlaboratoryexperiments.

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